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Srimad Bhagavatam — Shashtha Skandha, Shloka 2

Vṛtrāsura Rebukes Indra; Heroic Combat and the Asura’s Pure Devotional Prayers

विशीर्यमाणां पृतनामासुरीमसुरर्षभ: । कालानुकूलैस्त्रिदशै: काल्यमानामनाथवत् ॥ २ ॥ द‍ृष्ट्वातप्यत सङ्‌कुद्ध इन्द्रशत्रुरमर्षित: । तान् निवार्यौजसा राजन् निर्भर्त्स्येदमुवाच ह ॥ ३ ॥

viśīryamāṇāṁ pṛtanām āsurīm asurarṣabhaḥ kālānukūlais tridaśaiḥ kālyamānām anāthavat

O King Parīkṣit, the demigods, taking advantage of a favorable opportunity presented by time, attacked the army of the demons from the rear and began driving away the demoniac soldiers, scattering them here and there as if their army had no leader. Seeing the pitiable condition of his soldiers, Vṛtrāsura, the best of the asuras, who was called Indraśatru, the enemy of Indra, was very much aggrieved. Unable to tolerate such reverses, he stopped and forcefully rebuked the demigods, speaking the following words in an angry mood.

viśīryamāṇāmbeing broken up
viśīryamāṇām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootvi-√śṝ (धातु)
Formकृदन्त: शानच्/मान (वर्तमान कर्मणि कृदन्त/Present passive participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; ‘being shattered’
pṛtanāmarmy
pṛtanām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootpṛtanā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
āsurīmdemonic
āsurīm:
Viseṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootāsurī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषण
asura-rṣabhaḥthe bull among the asuras (best of demons)
asura-rṣabhaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasura (प्रातिपदिक) + ṛṣabha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (असुराणां ऋषभः)
kāla-anukūlaiḥby those favorable to Time
kāla-anukūlaiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootkāla (प्रातिपदिक) + anukūla (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष (कालस्य अनुकूलाः)
tridaśaiḥby the gods
tridaśaiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Roottridaśa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन
kālyamānāmbeing harassed/overpowered
kālyamānām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Root√kal (धातु)
Formकृदन्त: शानच्/मान (वर्तमान कर्मणि कृदन्त), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; ‘being driven/pressed’
anāthavatlike one without a protector
anāthavat:
Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootanātha (प्रातिपदिक) + vat (तद्धित)
Formअव्यय; उपमानवाचक (adverbial ‘like/as’)
V
Vṛtrāsura
I
Indra
T
Tridaśas (demigods)
A
Asuras (demons)

FAQs

This verse states that the demigods’ attack became effective because time turned favorable to them, showing that kāla (the Lord’s arranging potency) strongly influences outcomes beyond mere strength.

Because the demon forces were being rapidly destroyed by the demigods; the imagery emphasizes their loss of support and the reversal brought about when time favors the opposing side.

Do your duty with effort, but remain humble about results—success and failure can shift with circumstances beyond control, so cultivate steadiness and devotion rather than pride.