Adhyaya 10

Verse 1

श्रीराजोवाच कथ्यतां भगवन्नेतत्तयो: शापस्य कारणम् । यत्तद् विगर्हितं कर्म येन वा देवर्षेस्तम: ॥ १ ॥

King Parīkṣit inquired from Śukadeva Gosvāmī: O great and powerful saint, what was the cause of Nalakūvara’s and Maṇigrīva’s having been cursed by Nārada Muni? What did they do that was so abominable that even Nārada, the great sage, became angry at them? Kindly describe this to me.

Verse 2

श्रीशुक उवाच रुद्रस्यानुचरौ भूत्वा सुद‍ृप्तौ धनदात्मजौ । कैलासोपवने रम्ये मन्दाकिन्यां मदोत्कटौ ॥ २ ॥ वारुणीं मदिरां पीत्वा मदाघूर्णितलोचनौ । स्त्रीजनैरनुगायद्भ‍िश्चेरतु: पुष्पिते वने ॥ ३ ॥

Śukadeva Gosvāmī said: O King Parīkṣit, because the two sons of Kuvera had been elevated to the association of Lord Śiva, of which they were very much proud, they were allowed to wander in a garden attached to Kailāsa Hill, on the bank of the Mandākinī River. Taking advantage of this, they used to drink a kind of liquor called Vāruṇī. Accompanied by women singing after them, they would wander in that garden of flowers, their eyes always rolling in intoxication.

Verse 3

श्रीशुक उवाच रुद्रस्यानुचरौ भूत्वा सुद‍ृप्तौ धनदात्मजौ । कैलासोपवने रम्ये मन्दाकिन्यां मदोत्कटौ ॥ २ ॥ वारुणीं मदिरां पीत्वा मदाघूर्णितलोचनौ । स्त्रीजनैरनुगायद्भ‍िश्चेरतु: पुष्पिते वने ॥ ३ ॥

Śukadeva Gosvāmī said: O King Parīkṣit, because the two sons of Kuvera had been elevated to the association of Lord Śiva, of which they were very much proud, they were allowed to wander in a garden attached to Kailāsa Hill, on the bank of the Mandākinī River. Taking advantage of this, they used to drink a kind of liquor called Vāruṇī. Accompanied by women singing after them, they would wander in that garden of flowers, their eyes always rolling in intoxication.

Verse 4

अन्त: प्रविश्य गङ्गायामम्भोजवनराजिनि । चिक्रीडतुर्युवतिभिर्गजाविव करेणुभि: ॥ ४ ॥

Within the waters of the Mandākinī Ganges, which were crowded with gardens of lotus flowers, the two sons of Kuvera would enjoy young girls, just like two male elephants enjoying in the water with female elephants.

Verse 5

यद‍ृच्छया च देवर्षिर्भगवांस्तत्र कौरव । अपश्यन्नारदो देवौ क्षीबाणौ समबुध्यत ॥ ५ ॥

O Mahārāja Parīkṣit, by some auspicious opportunity for the two boys, the great saint Devarṣi Nārada once appeared there by chance. Seeing them intoxicated, with rolling eyes, he could understand their situation.

Verse 6

तं द‍ृष्ट्वा व्रीडिता देव्यो विवस्त्रा: शापशङ्किता: । वासांसि पर्यधु: शीघ्रं विवस्त्रौ नैव गुह्यकौ ॥ ६ ॥

Upon seeing Nārada, the naked young girls of the demigods were very much ashamed. Afraid of being cursed, they covered their bodies with their garments. But the two sons of Kuvera did not do so; instead, not caring about Nārada, they remained naked.

Verse 7

तौ द‍ृष्ट्वा मदिरामत्तौ श्रीमदान्धौ सुरात्मजौ । तयोरनुग्रहार्थाय शापं दास्यन्निदं जगौ ॥ ७ ॥

Seeing the two sons of the demigods naked and intoxicated by opulence and false prestige, Devarṣi Nārada, in order to show them special mercy, desired to give them a special curse. Thus he spoke as follows.

Verse 8

श्रीनारद उवाच न ह्यन्यो जुषतो जोष्यान्बुद्धिभ्रंशो रजोगुण: । श्रीमदादाभिजात्यादिर्यत्र स्त्री द्यूतमासव: ॥ ८ ॥

Nārada Muni said: Among all the attractions of material enjoyment, the attraction of riches bewilders one’s intelligence more than having beautiful bodily features, taking birth in an aristocratic family, and being learned. When one is uneducated but falsely puffed up by wealth, the result is that one engages his wealth in enjoying wine, women and gambling.

Verse 9

हन्यन्ते पशवो यत्र निर्दयैरजितात्मभि: । मन्यमानैरिमं देहमजरामृत्यु नश्वरम् ॥ ९ ॥

Unable to control their senses, rascals who are falsely proud of their riches or their birth in aristocratic families are so cruel that to maintain their perishable bodies, which they think will never grow old or die, they kill poor animals without mercy. Sometimes they kill animals merely to enjoy an excursion.

Verse 10

देवसंज्ञितमप्यन्ते कृमिविड्भस्मसंज्ञितम् । भूतध्रुक्तत्कृते स्वार्थं किं वेद निरयो यत: ॥ १० ॥

While living one may be proud of one’s body, thinking oneself a very big man, minister, president or even demigod, but whatever one may be, after death this body will turn either into worms, into stool or into ashes. If one kills poor animals to satisfy the temporary whims of this body, one does not know that he will suffer in his next birth, for such a sinful miscreant must go to hell and suffer the results of his actions.

Verse 11

देह: किमन्नदातु: स्वं निषेक्तुर्मातुरेव च । मातु: पितुर्वा बलिन: क्रेतुरग्ने: शुनोऽपि वा ॥ ११ ॥

While alive, does this body belong to its employer, to the self, to the father, the mother, or the mother’s father? Does it belong to the person who takes it away by force, to the slave master who purchases it, or to the sons who burn it in the fire? Or, if the body is not burned, does it belong to the dogs that eat it? Among the many possible claimants, who is the rightful claimant? Not to ascertain this but instead to maintain the body by sinful activities is not good.

Verse 12

एवं साधारणं देहमव्यक्तप्रभवाप्ययम् । को विद्वानात्मसात्कृत्वा हन्ति जन्तूनृतेऽसत: ॥ १२ ॥

This body, after all, is produced by the unmanifested nature and again annihilated and merged in the natural elements. Therefore, it is the common property of everyone. Under the circumstances, who but a rascal claims this property as his own and while maintaining it commits such sinful activities as killing animals just to satisfy his whims? Unless one is a rascal, one cannot commit such sinful activities.

Verse 13

असत: श्रीमदान्धस्य दारिद्रय‍ं परमञ्जनम् । आत्मौपम्येन भूतानि दरिद्र: परमीक्षते ॥ १३ ॥

Atheistic fools and rascals who are very much proud of wealth fail to see things as they are. Therefore, returning them to poverty is the proper ointment for their eyes so they may see things as they are. At least a poverty-stricken man can realize how painful poverty is, and therefore he will not want others to be in a painful condition like his own.

Verse 14

यथा कण्टकविद्धाङ्गो जन्तोर्नेच्छति तां व्यथाम् । जीवसाम्यं गतो लिङ्गैर्न तथाविद्धकण्टक: ॥ १४ ॥

By seeing their faces, one whose body has been pricked by pins can understand the pain of others who are pinpricked. Realizing that this pain is the same for everyone, he does not want others to suffer in this way. But one who has never been pricked by pins cannot understand this pain.

Verse 15

दरिद्रो निरहंस्तम्भो मुक्त: सर्वमदैरिह । कृच्छ्रं यद‍ृच्छयाप्नोति तद्धि तस्य परं तप: ॥ १५ ॥

A poverty-stricken man must automatically undergo austerities and penances because he does not have the wealth to possess anything. Thus his false prestige is vanquished. Always in need of food, shelter and clothing, he must be satisfied with what is obtained by the mercy of providence. Undergoing such compulsory austerities is good for him because this purifies him and completely frees him from false ego.

Verse 16

नित्यं क्षुत्क्षामदेहस्य दरिद्रस्यान्नकाङ्क्षिण: । इन्द्रियाण्यनुशुष्यन्ति हिंसापि विनिवर्तते ॥ १६ ॥

Always hungry, longing for sufficient food, a poverty-stricken man gradually becomes weaker and weaker. Having no extra potency, his senses are automatically pacified. A poverty-stricken man, therefore, is unable to perform harmful, envious activities. In other words, such a man automatically gains the results of the austerities and penances adopted voluntarily by saintly persons.

Verse 17

दरिद्रस्यैव युज्यन्ते साधव: समदर्शिन: । सद्भ‍ि: क्षिणोति तं तर्षं तत आराद्विशुद्ध्यति ॥ १७ ॥

Saintly persons may freely associate with those who are poverty-stricken, but not with those who are rich. A poverty-stricken man, by association with saintly persons, very soon becomes uninterested in material desires, and the dirty things within the core of his heart are cleansed away.

Verse 18

साधूनां समचित्तानां मुकुन्दचरणैषिणाम् । उपेक्ष्यै: किं धनस्तम्भैरसद्भ‍िरसदाश्रयै: ॥ १८ ॥

Saintly persons [sādhus] think of Kṛṣṇa twenty-four hours a day. They have no other interest. Why should people neglect the association of such exalted spiritual personalities and try to associate with materialists, taking shelter of nondevotees, most of whom are proud and rich?

Verse 19

तदहं मत्तयोर्माध्व्या वारुण्या श्रीमदान्धयो: । तमोमदं हरिष्यामि स्त्रैणयोरजितात्मनो: ॥ १९ ॥

Therefore, since these two persons, drunk with the liquor named Vāruṇī, or Mādhvī, and unable to control their senses, have been blinded by the pride of celestial opulence and have become attached to women, I shall relieve them of their false prestige.

Verse 20

यदिमौ लोकपालस्य पुत्रौ भूत्वा तम:प्लुतौ । न विवाससमात्मानं विजानीत: सुदुर्मदौ ॥ २० ॥ अतोऽर्हत: स्थावरतां स्यातां नैवं यथा पुन: । स्मृति: स्यान्मत्प्रसादेन तत्रापि मदनुग्रहात् ॥ २१ ॥ वासुदेवस्य सान्निध्यं लब्ध्वा दिव्यशरच्छते । वृत्ते स्वर्लोकतां भूयो लब्धभक्ती भविष्यत: ॥ २२ ॥

These two young men, Nalakūvara and Maṇigrīva, are by fortune the sons of the great demigod Kuvera, but because of false prestige and madness after drinking liquor, they are so fallen that they are naked but cannot understand that they are. Therefore, because they are living like trees (for trees are naked but are not conscious), these two young men should receive the bodies of trees. This will be proper punishment. Nonetheless, after they become trees and until they are released, by my mercy they will have remembrance of their past sinful activities. Moreover, by my special favor, after the expiry of one hundred years by the measurement of the demigods, they will be able to see the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Vāsudeva, face to face, and thus revive their real position as devotees.

Verse 21

यदिमौ लोकपालस्य पुत्रौ भूत्वा तम:प्लुतौ । न विवाससमात्मानं विजानीत: सुदुर्मदौ ॥ २० ॥ अतोऽर्हत: स्थावरतां स्यातां नैवं यथा पुन: । स्मृति: स्यान्मत्प्रसादेन तत्रापि मदनुग्रहात् ॥ २१ ॥ वासुदेवस्य सान्निध्यं लब्ध्वा दिव्यशरच्छते । वृत्ते स्वर्लोकतां भूयो लब्धभक्ती भविष्यत: ॥ २२ ॥

These two young men, Nalakūvara and Maṇigrīva, are by fortune the sons of the great demigod Kuvera, but because of false prestige and madness after drinking liquor, they are so fallen that they are naked but cannot understand that they are. Therefore, because they are living like trees (for trees are naked but are not conscious), these two young men should receive the bodies of trees. This will be proper punishment. Nonetheless, after they become trees and until they are released, by my mercy they will have remembrance of their past sinful activities. Moreover, by my special favor, after the expiry of one hundred years by the measurement of the demigods, they will be able to see the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Vāsudeva, face to face, and thus revive their real position as devotees.

Verse 22

यदिमौ लोकपालस्य पुत्रौ भूत्वा तम:प्लुतौ । न विवाससमात्मानं विजानीत: सुदुर्मदौ ॥ २० ॥ अतोऽर्हत: स्थावरतां स्यातां नैवं यथा पुन: । स्मृति: स्यान्मत्प्रसादेन तत्रापि मदनुग्रहात् ॥ २१ ॥ वासुदेवस्य सान्निध्यं लब्ध्वा दिव्यशरच्छते । वृत्ते स्वर्लोकतां भूयो लब्धभक्ती भविष्यत: ॥ २२ ॥

These two young men, Nalakūvara and Maṇigrīva, are by fortune the sons of the great demigod Kuvera, but because of false prestige and madness after drinking liquor, they are so fallen that they are naked but cannot understand that they are. Therefore, because they are living like trees (for trees are naked but are not conscious), these two young men should receive the bodies of trees. This will be proper punishment. Nonetheless, after they become trees and until they are released, by my mercy they will have remembrance of their past sinful activities. Moreover, by my special favor, after the expiry of one hundred years by the measurement of the demigods, they will be able to see the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Vāsudeva, face to face, and thus revive their real position as devotees.

Verse 23

श्रीशुक उवाच एवमुक्त्वा स देवर्षिर्गतो नारायणाश्रमम् । नलकूवरमणिग्रीवावासतुर्यमलार्जुनौ ॥ २३ ॥

Śukadeva Gosvāmī continued: Having thus spoken, the great saint Devarṣi Nārada returned to his āśrama, known as Nārāyaṇa-āśrama, and Nalakūvara and Maṇigrīva became twin arjuna trees.

Verse 24

ऋषेर्भागवतमुख्यस्य सत्यं कर्तुं वचो हरि: । जगाम शनकैस्तत्र यत्रास्तां यमलार्जुनौ ॥ २४ ॥

The Supreme Personality of Godhead, Śrī Kṛṣṇa, to fulfill the truthfulness of the words of the greatest devotee, Nārada, slowly went to that spot where the twin arjuna trees were standing.

Verse 25

देवर्षिर्मे प्रियतमो यदिमौ धनदात्मजौ । तत्तथा साधयिष्यामि यद् गीतं तन्महात्मना ॥ २५ ॥

“Although these two young men are the sons of the very rich Kuvera and I have nothing to do with them, Devarṣi Nārada is My very dear and affectionate devotee, and therefore because he wanted Me to come face to face with them, I must do so for their deliverance.”

Verse 26

इत्यन्तरेणार्जुनयो: कृष्णस्तु यमयोर्ययौ । आत्मनिर्वेशमात्रेण तिर्यग्गतमुलूखलम् ॥ २६ ॥

Having thus spoken, Kṛṣṇa soon entered between the two arjuna trees, and thus the big mortar to which He was bound turned crosswise and stuck between them.

Verse 27

बालेन निष्कर्षयतान्वगुलूखलं तद् दामोदरेण तरसोत्कलिताङ्‍‍घ्रिबन्धौ । निष्पेततु: परमविक्रमितातिवेप- स्कन्धप्रवालविटपौ कृतचण्डशब्दौ ॥ २७ ॥

By dragging behind Him with great force the wooden mortar tied to His belly, the boy Kṛṣṇa uprooted the two trees. By the great strength of the Supreme Person, the two trees, with their trunks, leaves and branches, trembled severely and fell to the ground with a great crash.

Verse 28

तत्र श्रिया परमया ककुभ: स्फुरन्तौ सिद्धावुपेत्य कुजयोरिव जातवेदा: । कृष्णं प्रणम्य शिरसाखिललोकनाथं बद्धाञ्जली विरजसाविदमूचतु: स्म ॥ २८ ॥

Thereafter, in that very place where the two arjuna trees had fallen, two great, perfect personalities, who appeared like fire personified, came out of the two trees. The effulgence of their beauty illuminating all directions, with bowed heads they offered obeisances to Kṛṣṇa, and with hands folded they spoke the following words.

Verse 29

कृष्ण कृष्ण महायोगिंस्त्वमाद्य: पुरुष: पर: । व्यक्ताव्यक्तमिदं विश्वं रूपं ते ब्राह्मणा विदु: ॥ २९ ॥

O Lord Kṛṣṇa, Lord Kṛṣṇa, Your opulent mysticism is inconceivable. You are the supreme, original person, the cause of all causes, immediate and remote, and You are beyond this material creation. Learned brāhmaṇas know [on the basis of the Vedic statement sarvaṁ khalv idaṁ brahma] that You are everything and that this cosmic manifestation, in its gross and subtle aspects, is Your form.

Verse 30

त्वमेक: सर्वभूतानां देहास्वात्मेन्द्रियेश्वर: । त्वमेव कालो भगवान् विष्णुरव्यय ईश्वर: ॥ ३० ॥ त्वं महान् प्रकृति: सूक्ष्मा रज:सत्त्वतमोमयी । त्वमेव पुरुषोऽध्यक्ष: सर्वक्षेत्रविकारवित् ॥ ३१ ॥

You are the Supreme Personality of Godhead, the controller of everything. The body, life, ego and senses of every living entity are Your own self. You are the Supreme Person, Viṣṇu, the imperishable controller. You are the time factor, the immediate cause, and You are material nature, consisting of the three modes passion, goodness and ignorance. You are the original cause of this material manifestation. You are the Supersoul, and therefore You know everything within the core of the heart of every living entity.

Verse 31

त्वमेक: सर्वभूतानां देहास्वात्मेन्द्रियेश्वर: । त्वमेव कालो भगवान् विष्णुरव्यय ईश्वर: ॥ ३० ॥ त्वं महान् प्रकृति: सूक्ष्मा रज:सत्त्वतमोमयी । त्वमेव पुरुषोऽध्यक्ष: सर्वक्षेत्रविकारवित् ॥ ३१ ॥

You are the Supreme Personality of Godhead, the controller of everything. The body, life, ego and senses of every living entity are Your own self. You are the Supreme Person, Viṣṇu, the imperishable controller. You are the time factor, the immediate cause, and You are material nature, consisting of the three modes passion, goodness and ignorance. You are the original cause of this material manifestation. You are the Supersoul, and therefore You know everything within the core of the heart of every living entity.

Verse 32

गृह्यमाणैस्त्वमग्राह्यो विकारै: प्राकृतैर्गुणै: । को न्विहार्हति विज्ञातुं प्राक्‌सिद्धं गुणसंवृत: ॥ ३२ ॥

O Lord, You exist before the creation. Therefore, who, trapped by a body of material qualities in this material world, can understand You?

Verse 33

तस्मै तुभ्यं भगवते वासुदेवाय वेधसे । आत्मद्योतगुणैश्छन्नमहिम्ने ब्रह्मणे नम: ॥ ३३ ॥

O Lord, whose glories are covered by Your own energy, You are the Supreme Personality of Godhead. You are Saṅkarṣaṇa, the origin of creation, and You are Vāsudeva, the origin of the caturvyūha. Because You are everything and are therefore the Supreme Brahman, we simply offer our respectful obeisances unto You.

Verse 34

यस्यावतारा ज्ञायन्ते शरीरेष्वशरीरिण: । तैस्तैरतुल्यातिशयैर्वीर्यैर्देहिष्वसङ्गतै: ॥ ३४ ॥ स भवान्सर्वलोकस्य भवाय विभवाय च । अवतीर्णोंऽशभागेन साम्प्रतं पतिराशिषाम् ॥ ३५ ॥

Appearing in bodies like those of an ordinary fish, tortoise and hog, You exhibit activities impossible for such creatures to perform — extraordinary, incomparable, transcendental activities of unlimited power and strength. These bodies of Yours, therefore, are not made of material elements, but are incarnations of Your Supreme Personality. You are the same Supreme Personality of Godhead, who have now appeared, with full potency, for the benefit of all living entities within this material world.

Verse 35

यस्यावतारा ज्ञायन्ते शरीरेष्वशरीरिण: । तैस्तैरतुल्यातिशयैर्वीर्यैर्देहिष्वसङ्गतै: ॥ ३४ ॥ स भवान्सर्वलोकस्य भवाय विभवाय च । अवतीर्णोंऽशभागेन साम्प्रतं पतिराशिषाम् ॥ ३५ ॥

Appearing in bodies like those of an ordinary fish, tortoise and hog, You exhibit activities impossible for such creatures to perform — extraordinary, incomparable, transcendental activities of unlimited power and strength. These bodies of Yours, therefore, are not made of material elements, but are incarnations of Your Supreme Personality. You are the same Supreme Personality of Godhead, who have now appeared, with full potency, for the benefit of all living entities within this material world.

Verse 36

नम: परमकल्याण नम: परममङ्गल । वासुदेवाय शान्ताय यदूनां पतये नम: ॥ ३६ ॥

O supremely auspicious, we offer our respectful obeisances unto You, who are the supreme good. O most famous descendant and controller of the Yadu dynasty, O son of Vasudeva, O most peaceful, let us offer our obeisances unto Your lotus feet.

Verse 37

अनुजानीहि नौ भूमंस्तवानुचरकिङ्करौ । दर्शनं नौ भगवत ऋषेरासीदनुग्रहात् ॥ ३७ ॥

O supreme form, we are always servants of Your servants, especially of Nārada Muni. Now give us permission to leave for our home. It is by the grace and mercy of Nārada Muni that we have been able to see You face to face.

Verse 38

वाणी गुणानुकथने श्रवणौ कथायां हस्तौ च कर्मसु मनस्तव पादयोर्न: । स्मृत्यां शिरस्तव निवासजगत्प्रणामे द‍ृष्टि: सतां दर्शनेऽस्तु भवत्तनूनाम् ॥ ३८ ॥

Henceforward, may all our words describe Your pastimes, may our ears engage in aural reception of Your glories, may our hands, legs and other senses engage in actions pleasing to You, and may our minds always think of Your lotus feet. May our heads offer our obeisances to everything within this world, because all things are also Your different forms, and may our eyes see the forms of Vaiṣṇavas, who are nondifferent from You.

Verse 39

श्रीशुक उवाच इत्थं सङ्कीर्तितस्ताभ्यां भगवान्गोकुलेश्वर: । दाम्ना चोलूखले बद्ध: प्रहसन्नाह गुह्यकौ ॥ ३९ ॥

Śukadeva Gosvāmī continued: The two young demigods thus offered prayers to the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Although Śrī Kṛṣṇa, the Supreme Godhead, is the master of all and was certainly Gokuleśvara, the master of Gokula, He was bound to the wooden mortar by the ropes of the gopīs, and therefore, smiling widely, He spoke to the sons of Kuvera the following words.

Verse 40

श्रीभगवानुवाच ज्ञातं मम पुरैवैतद‍ृषिणा करुणात्मना । यच्छ्रीमदान्धयोर्वाग्भिर्विभ्रंशोऽनुग्रह: कृत: ॥ ४० ॥

The Supreme Personality of Godhead said: The great saint Nārada Muni is very merciful. By his curse, he showed the greatest favor to both of you, who were mad after material opulence and who had thus become blind. Although you fell from the higher planet Svargaloka and became trees, you were most favored by him. I knew of all these incidents from the very beginning.

Verse 41

साधूनां समचित्तानां सुतरां मत्कृतात्मनाम् । दर्शनान्नो भवेद् बन्ध: पुंसोऽक्ष्णो: सवितुर्यथा ॥ ४१ ॥

When one is face to face with the sun, there is no longer darkness for one’s eyes. Similarly, when one is face to face with a sādhu, a devotee, who is fully determined and surrendered to the Supreme Personality of Godhead, one will no longer be subject to material bondage.

Verse 42

तद्गच्छतं मत्परमौ नलकूवर सादनम् । सञ्जातो मयि भावो वामीप्सित: परमोऽभव: ॥ ४२ ॥

O Nalakūvara and Maṇigrīva, now you may both return home. Since you desire to be always absorbed in My devotional service, your desire to develop love and affection for Me will be fulfilled, and now you will never fall from that platform.

Verse 43

श्रीशुक उवाच इत्युक्तौ तौ परिक्रम्य प्रणम्य च पुन: पुन: । बद्धोलूखलमामन्‍त्र्य जग्मतुर्दिशमुत्तराम् ॥ ४३ ॥

Śukadeva Gosvāmī said: The Supreme Personality of Godhead having spoken to the two demigods in this way, they circumambulated the Lord, who was bound to the wooden mortar, and offered obeisances to Him. After taking the permission of Lord Kṛṣṇa, they returned to their respective homes.