Skanda Purana — Prabhasa Khanda, Shloka 2
Devanagari script
शुंभोनाम महादैत्यः पुराऽसीत्पृथिवीतले । तेन सर्वं जगद्व्याप्तं जित्वा देवान्रणाजिरे
Transliteration
śuṃbhonāma mahādaityaḥ purā'sītpṛthivītale | tena sarvaṃ jagadvyāptaṃ jitvā devānraṇājire
Translation
往昔在大地上，有一位名为“舒姆婆”（Śumbha）的大阿修罗。战场上征服诸天之后，他以威势遍覆世间，统御整个世界。
Word by Word
शुंभःŚumbha
शुंभः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootशुंभ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
नामby name
नाम:
Noun-modifier (Upapada/उपपद)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाम (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, नामनिर्देशक (particle: by name/indeed called)
महादैत्यःa great demon
महादैत्यः:
Apposition (Samanadhikarana/समानाधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootमहा (प्रातिपदिक) + दैत्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
पुराformerly
पुरा:
Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb: formerly/once)
आसीत्was
आसीत्:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formलङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद
पृथिवीतलेon the surface of the earth
पृथिवीतले:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी (प्रातिपदिक) + तल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular); समासः: पृथिव्याः तलम्
तेनby him
तेन:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular)
सर्वम्all
सर्वम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
जगत्the world
जगत्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootजगत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
व्याप्तम्pervaded/occupied
व्याप्तम्:
Karma-predicative (Karmani-viśeṣaṇa/कर्मणि विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-आप् (धातु) + क्त (प्रत्यय) (कृदन्त)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle: pervaded)
जित्वाhaving conquered
जित्वा:
Purvakala-kriya (Prior action/पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootजि (धातु) + त्वा (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्यय (gerund/absolutive): having conquered
देवान्the gods
देवान्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन (Plural)
रणाजिरेon the battlefield
रणाजिरे:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootरण (प्रातिपदिक) + अजिर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular); समासः: रणस्य अजिरम् (battlefield)
Speaker
Pulastya
Skanda Dialogue
Listener: The king
Visual Art Cues
Scene: Śumbha, a towering asura-king, stands victorious on a battlefield strewn with broken divine banners; the world appears shadowed under his rule, foreshadowing Devī’s advent.
Characters & Entities
Ś
ŚumbhaD
DevasFAQs
Asuric power disrupts cosmic order; the Purāṇas frame Devī’s intervention as restoration of dharma.
The narrative prepares the glorification of Kātyāyanī’s cave abode associated with Śumbha’s destruction.
None in this verse; it introduces the historical-mythic context for the shrine’s greatness.