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Skanda Purana — Mahesvara Khanda, Shloka 1

Devanagari script

करधम उवाच । केचिच्छिवं समाश्रित्य विष्णुमाश्रित्य वेधसम् । वर्णयंति परे मोक्षं त्वं तु कस्मात्तु मन्यसे

Transliteration

karadhama uvāca | kecicchivaṃ samāśritya viṣṇumāśritya vedhasam | varṇayaṃti pare mokṣaṃ tvaṃ tu kasmāttu manyase

Translation

迦罗陀摩说道：“有人依止湿婆，有人依止毗湿奴，也有人依止韦陀诃（梵天），并宣说至上的解脱。然而你认为，成就解脱（mokṣa）的真实根本是什么？”

Word by Word
करधमःKaradhama
करधमः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootकरधम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन
केचित्some (people)
केचित्:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; अनिश्चित-प्रयोग (some)
शिवम्Śiva
शिवम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootशिव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
समाश्रित्यhaving taken refuge in
समाश्रित्य:
Kriya-visheṣaṇa (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-श्रि (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्यय (Gerund/Absolutive), पूर्वकालिक-क्रिया (having resorted to)
विष्णुम्Viṣṇu
विष्णुम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootविष्णु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
आश्रित्यhaving resorted to
आश्रित्य:
Kriya-visheṣaṇa (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootआ-श्रि (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्यय (Gerund/Absolutive), पूर्वकालिक-क्रिया
वेधसम्Vedhas (Brahmā)
वेधसम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootवेधस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; ब्रह्मणः नाम
वर्णयन्तिdescribe/proclaim
वर्णयन्ति:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवर्णय् (धातु; √वर्ण् caus.)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन
परेothers
परे:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन
मोक्षम्liberation
मोक्षम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootमोक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
तुbut
तु:
Sambandha (Discourse particle/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात (contrastive particle)
कस्मात्why/from what reason
कस्मात्:
Hetu (Cause/हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (5th/Ablative), एकवचन; हेत्वर्थ (from what reason/why)
तुthen/but
तु:
Sambandha (Discourse particle/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात (emphatic/contrast)
मन्यसेdo you think
मन्यसे:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootमन् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), मध्यम-पुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद
Speaker

Karadhama

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Karadhama

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A respectful interlocutor (Karadhama) questions a dread yet wise figure (Mahākāla) about the true basis of mokṣa, while symbolic emblems of the triad (trident, conch, lotus) appear as conceptual options.

Characters & Entities
K
Karadhama
Ś
Śiva
V
Viṣṇu
V
Vedhas (Brahmā)
M
Mokṣa

FAQs

Liberation is discussed through multiple devotional refuges, inviting discernment about the deepest ground of mokṣa.

No specific tīrtha is mentioned in this verse; it opens a theological dialogue.

None; the verse frames an inquiry into the proper object of refuge and the nature of liberation.

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