Skanda Purana — Mahesvara Khanda, Shloka 41
Devanagari script
दशोत्तरेण पयसा वृतं तच्चापि तेजसा । तेजश्च वायुना वायुर्नभ साहंतया च तत्
Transliteration
daśottareṇa payasā vṛtaṃ taccāpi tejasā | tejaśca vāyunā vāyurnabha sāhaṃtayā ca tat
Translation
彼之包围层外，又有十倍之水覆裹；其水复为火光（tejas）所覆。火为风所裹，风为虚空所裹——层层皆以十倍胜于前者。
Word by Word
दशोत्तरेणby the tenfold (layer)
दशोत्तरेण:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootदशोत्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसक/पुं (प्रयोगे साधारणतया), तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Instrumental, Singular); समासः—दश + उत्तर (तत्पुरुष: ‘ten-fold/ten plus’)
पयसाby water
पयसा:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootपयस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Neuter, Instrumental, Singular)
वृतम्covered
वृतम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootवृ (धातु) → वृत (कृदन्त, क्त)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (Past Passive Participle, क्त); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; (तत्/ब्रह्माण्डम्) इत्यस्य विशेषणम्
तत्that (it)
तत्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (Neuter, Nom./Acc., Singular)
चand
च:
Sambandha (Connector/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)
अपिalso
अपि:
Sambandha (Discourse particle/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, अप्यर्थे/समुच्चये (also/even)
तेजसाby fire/energy (tejas)
तेजसा:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootतेजस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Neuter, Instrumental, Singular)
तेजःfire/energy
तेजः:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतेजस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (Neuter, Nom./Acc., Singular)
चand
च:
Sambandha (Connector/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)
वायुनाby wind
वायुना:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootवायु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Masculine, Instrumental, Singular)
वायुःwind
वायुः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootवायु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Masculine, Nominative, Singular)
नभःsky/ether
नभः:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootनभस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (Neuter, Nom./Acc., Singular)
साहन्तयाby (its) sustaining force/endurance
साहन्तया:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootसाहन्ता (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Feminine, Instrumental, Singular); पाठभेदसम्भवः—‘सहन्तया/सहन्त्या’ इति (by endurance/force)
चand
च:
Sambandha (Connector/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)
तत्that (it)
तत्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (Neuter, Nom./Acc., Singular)
Speaker
Lomaharṣaṇa (Sūta) to the sages
Skanda Dialogue
Listener: Pārtha (Arjuna)
Visual Art Cues
Scene: Concentric translucent layers around the cosmic egg: an oceanic ring (water), a blazing aureole (fire), a swirling current (wind), and a vast clear dome (space), each larger than the last, marked with subtle ‘tenfold’ scale cues.
Characters & Entities
W
Water (payas)T
Tejas (fire)V
Vāyu (wind)N
Nabhas (space/ether)FAQs
Manifest reality is layered and graduated; contemplating the elemental sheaths encourages detachment and insight into what lies beyond the elements.
None; the content is cosmological (elemental enclosures).
None.