Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 84

Devanagari script

अगस्त्य उवाच । कथं स्तुतो भगवता देवदेवेन विघ्नजित् । कथं च बहुधात्मानं स चकार विनायकः

Transliteration

agastya uvāca | kathaṃ stuto bhagavatā devadevena vighnajit | kathaṃ ca bahudhātmānaṃ sa cakāra vināyakaḥ

Translation

阿伽斯提耶说道：障碍征服者（Vighnajit）如何被至福的主、诸神之神所赞颂？那位毗那耶迦又如何化现为多种形相？

Word by Word

• अगस्त्यः: Agastya
• अगस्त्यः: Karta (Speaker/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अगस्त्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन — nominative singular

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect/परोक्ष), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन — 3rd sg perfect

• कथम्: how?
• कथम्: Kriya-vishesana (Interrogative/प्रश्न)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कथम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय — interrogative adverb

• स्तुतः: praised
• स्तुतः: Kriya (Predicate/विधेय)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √स्तु (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP/क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन — nominative singular; predicate of ‘विघ्नजित्’

• भगवता: by the Lord
• भगवता: Karana (Agent in passive/कर्तृ-करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भगवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन — instrumental singular

• देवदेवेन: by the God of gods
• देवदेवेन: Karana (Agent in passive/कर्तृ-करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव + देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय (देवानां देवः), पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन — instrumental singular; in apposition to ‘भगवता’

• विघ्नजित्: the conqueror of obstacles (Gaṇeśa)
• विघ्नजित्: Karta (Topic/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विघ्न + जित् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उपपद-तत्पुरुष (विघ्नान् जयति इति), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन — nominative singular

• कथम्: how?
• कथम्: Kriya-vishesana (Interrogative/प्रश्न)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कथम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय — interrogative adverb

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय — conjunction

• बहुधा: in many ways / into many forms
• बहुधा: Kriya-vishesana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: बहुधा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय — adverb

• आत्मानम्: himself / his self
• आत्मानम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन — accusative singular

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन — nominative singular

• चकार: made
• चकार: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √कृ (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect/परोक्ष), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन — 3rd sg perfect

• विनायकः: Vināyaka (Gaṇeśa)
• विनायकः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विनायक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन — nominative singular; apposition to ‘सः’

Speaker

Agastya

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Kāśī (Vināyaka-sthāna network)

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Ṣaḍānana/Skanda (to respond)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Sage Agastya, seated in an āśrama setting, asks with folded hands; behind him, a faint visionary montage of multiple Gaṇeśa forms appearing at different Kāśī locales—gateways, ghāṭas, crossroads.

Characters & Entities

• Agastya
• Vighnajit
• Vināyaka
• Devadeva (God of gods—contextual epithet)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Sacred narratives are preserved through inquiry and transmission—asking rightly is part of dharma and devotion.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The inquiry concerns Vināyaka’s manifestation in Kāśī (Vārāṇasī), the sacred setting of the episode.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

None directly; it introduces a doctrinal explanation about praise (stuti) and divine manifestations.