Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 84

Devanagari script

नमस्कृत्य प्रतिगृहं तस्य भिक्षां न्यषेधयत् । स मुनिः सहितः शिष्यैर्भिक्षामप्राप्य दूनवत्

Transliteration

namaskṛtya pratigṛhaṃ tasya bhikṣāṃ nyaṣedhayat | sa muniḥ sahitaḥ śiṣyairbhikṣāmaprāpya dūnavat

Translation

他在每一户人家前都受人礼敬致礼，然而他的钵食却被拒绝。那位牟尼与弟子们一道，未得一口食物，心中忧苦。

Word by Word

• नमस्कृत्य: having saluted
• नमस्कृत्य: पूर्वकर्म (Prior action)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नमस् + कृ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभावः; ‘having saluted’

• प्रतिगृहं: to each house; house by house
• प्रतिगृहं: अधिकरण (Locative circumstance)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रति + गृह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास; अव्यय (adverbial), ‘house by house/each house’

• तस्य: of him/that (person)
• तस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/genitive), एकवचन

• भिक्षां: alms
• भिक्षां: कर्म (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भिक्षा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/accusative), एकवचन

• न्यषेधयत्: he forbade/denied
• न्यषेधयत्: क्रिया (Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि + षिध् (धातु) [णिच् causative: षेधयति]
• Form: लङ् (imperfect/past), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्

• स: he
• स: कर्ता (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/nominative), एकवचन

• मुनिः: the sage
• मुनिः: कर्ता (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुनि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/nominative), एकवचन

• सहितः: accompanied
• सहितः: कर्ता-विशेषण (Qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सहित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √सह्)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘accompanied’

• शिष्यैः: with (his) disciples
• शिष्यैः: सहकारक/सहयोग (Accompaniment)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिष्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/instrumental), बहुवचन

• भिक्षाम्: alms
• भिक्षाम्: कर्म (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भिक्षा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• अप्राप्य: not obtaining
• अप्राप्य: पूर्वकर्म (Prior action/circumstance)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अ + प्र + आप् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive), नञ्-प्रत्ययेन निषेध; ‘not having obtained’

• दूनवत्: sadly; like one afflicted
• दूनवत्: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial modifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: दूनवत् (प्रातिपदिक; दून + वत्)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb), वत्-प्रत्ययान्त; ‘like one distressed’

Speaker

Narrator voice within Skanda’s discourse (deduced)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Kāśī (Avimukta)

Type: kshetra

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A weary sage with a small group of disciples stands at successive doorways in Kāśī; householders offer salutations yet turn away from giving food; the lanes and balconies of the city frame the repeated refusals.

Characters & Entities

• Vyāsa
• Śiṣyas (disciples)
• Kāśī
• Bhavānī (implied)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

True renunciation accepts hardship without bitterness; even deprivation can be part of a divine test.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

Kāśī, where saints undergo trials that reveal the depth of their discipline.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

The context implies bhikṣāṭana and, when alms fail, involuntary fasting.