Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 10

Devanagari script

पितृवंशे मृता ये च मातृवंशे तथैव च । गुरु श्वशुर बंधूनां ये चान्ये बांधवा मृताः

Transliteration

pitṛvaṃśe mṛtā ye ca mātṛvaṃśe tathaiva ca | guru śvaśura baṃdhūnāṃ ye cānye bāṃdhavā mṛtāḥ

Translation

凡父系宗族中亡者，母系宗族中亦然；以及师长（guru）、岳父、亲族与其他眷属中已逝者——（皆摄在内）。

Word by Word

• पितृवंशे: in the paternal lineage
• पितृवंशे: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ + वंश (प्रातिपदिके)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (पितॄणां वंशे = in the paternal line)

• मृताः: dead
• मृताः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मृ (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; विशेषणम्

• ये: who
• ये: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; सम्बन्ध-सूचक (relative pronoun)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-बोधक अव्यय

• मातृवंशे: in the maternal lineage
• मातृवंशे: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मातृ + वंश (प्रातिपदिके)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (मातॄणां वंशे = in the maternal line)

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारवाचक अव्यय (adverb: thus/so)

• एव: indeed/just
• एव: Sambandha (Particle/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण-निपात (emphatic particle)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-बोधक अव्यय

• गुरु: teacher (guru)
• गुरु: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुरु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन (समाहार-निर्देशे/जात्यर्थे); आचार्यः इत्यर्थः

• श्वशुर: father-in-law
• श्वशुर: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्वशुर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• बन्धूनाम्: of kinsmen/relatives
• बन्धूनाम्: Sambandha (Genitive/षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बन्धु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), बहुवचन

• ये: who
• ये: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; सम्बन्ध-सूचक

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-बोधक अव्यय

• अन्ये: other
• अन्ये: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; विशेषणम्

• बान्धवाः: relations/kinsmen
• बान्धवाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बान्धव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन

• मृताः: dead
• मृताः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मृ (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; विशेषणम्

Speaker

Skanda

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Kāśī-Gaṅgā śrāddha-tīrtha (general)

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Ritual inquirer/pilgrim audience

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A performer at the ghāṭa visualizes two ancestral streams—paternal and maternal—along with guru and affinal elders, all receiving offerings as luminous figures.

Characters & Entities

• Pitṛs
• Maternal lineage
• Guru
• Śvaśura

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Dharma expands gratitude beyond one line—honoring both maternal and paternal ancestors and all benefactors and relations.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The chapter context is Kāśī and Gaṅgā rites; the verse enumerates beneficiaries of offerings made in that sacred setting.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Tarpaṇa/śrāddha offerings are to be intended for a wide circle: paternal and maternal lines, guru, in-laws, and other relatives.