Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 40

Devanagari script

योगेषु व्यतिपातस्त्वं तृणेषु हि कुशो भवान् । उद्यमानां हि सर्वेषां निर्वाणं त्वमसि प्रभो

Transliteration

yogeṣu vyatipātastvaṃ tṛṇeṣu hi kuśo bhavān | udyamānāṃ hi sarveṣāṃ nirvāṇaṃ tvamasi prabho

Translation

在诸瑜伽（吉凶相应之时）中，你为Vyatipāta；在诸草木中，你为Kuśa。对一切奋修者，主啊，你即是究竟解脱——涅槃（nirvāṇa）。

Word by Word

• योगेषु: among/in yogas
• योगेषु: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: योग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), बहुवचन

• व्यतिपातः: the (special) conjunction/occurrence ‘vyatipāta’
• व्यतिपातः: Predicate nominative (विधेय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्यतिपात (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुषार्थे मध्यमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• तृणेषु: among grasses
• तृणेषु: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तृण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), बहुवचन

• हि: indeed
• हि: Discourse particle (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle/emphasis)

• कुशः: kuśa grass
• कुशः: Predicate nominative (विधेय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• भवान्: you (honored one)
• भवान्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भवत् (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनामवत्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; आदरार्थे (honorific)

• उद्यमानाम्: of those who are striving/endeavoring
• उद्यमानाम्: Genitive relation (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उद्-यम् (धातु) + शानच् (कृदन्त)
• Form: वर्तमानकाले शतृ/शानच्-प्रत्ययान्त (present active participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन; ‘सर्वेषाम्’ इति पुं/नपुंसक-षष्ठीबहुवचनस्य विशेषणरूपेण (agreeing in sense)

• हि: indeed
• हि: Discourse particle (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle/emphasis)

• सर्वेषाम्: of all
• सर्वेषाम्: Genitive relation (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन

• निर्वाणम्: liberation; extinction (nirvāṇa)
• निर्वाणम्: Predicate nominative (विधेय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निर्वाण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• असि: are
• असि: Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन

• प्रभो: O Lord
• प्रभो: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रभु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन

Speaker

Skanda

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Kāśī

Type: kshetra

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A devotee in Kāśī offers kuśa grass and water at a ghāṭ during an auspicious yoga, while the cosmic Lord is envisioned as the inner essence of time, ritual, and final liberation.

Characters & Entities

• Vyatipāta
• Kuśa
• Nirvāṇa
• Kāśī (context)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

From ritual details (time and materials) to the highest aim (liberation), the Lord is the essence and goal of all striving.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

Kāśī, renowned for granting liberation through the Lord’s grace.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Kuśa grass (a key ritual material) and Vyatipāta (a calendrical yoga) are referenced, implying sanctified worship contexts.