Skanda Purana — Avanti Khanda, Shloka 3

Devanagari script

ततः प्रभृति विख्यातं पुङ्खतीर्थं नरेश्वर । तत्र तीर्थे तु यः स्नात्वा ह्याराध्य परमेश्वरम्

Transliteration

tataḥ prabhṛti vikhyātaṃ puṅkhatīrthaṃ nareśvara | tatra tīrthe tu yaḥ snātvā hyārādhya parameśvaram

Translation

自那时起，噢，人中之主，此处便以“普恩卡圣地”（Puṅkha Tīrtha）而闻名。凡在此tīrtha沐浴，并礼敬至上主宰帕拉梅湿伐罗者……

Word by Word

• tataḥ: thereafter
• tataḥ: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (Adverbial modifier/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas (अव्यय/तद्-तसिल्)
• Form: अव्यय (अपादान/काल-क्रम/ablatival adverb): ‘from then/thereafter’

• prabhṛti: from that time onward
• prabhṛti: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (Temporal modifier/कालवाचक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: prabhṛti (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (कालवाचक): ‘since/from (that time)’

• vikhyātam: became renowned
• vikhyātam: Kriyā (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi√khyā (धातु) + क्त (PPP)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त/PPP), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘became renowned/was known’

• puṅkha-tīrtham: Puṅkha-tīrtha (Puṅkha’s sacred ford)
• puṅkha-tīrtham: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: puṅkha (प्रातिपदिक) + tīrtha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (पुङ्खस्य तीर्थम्)

• nara-īśvara: O lord of men (king)
• nara-īśvara: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nara (प्रातिपदिक) + īśvara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative/सम्बोधन), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (नराणाम् ईश्वरः)

• tatra: there
• tatra: Adhikaraṇa (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatra (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (देशवाचक): ‘there’

• tīrthe: at the ford
• tīrthe: Adhikaraṇa (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tīrtha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/अधिकरण), एकवचन

• tu: indeed
• tu: Sambandha-bodhaka (Particle/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (निपात/particle): विरोध/विशेषार्थे ‘but/indeed’

• yaḥ: who (he who)
• yaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), एकवचन; सम्बन्धक (relative pronoun)

• snātvā: having bathed
• snātvā: Pūrvakriyā (Prior action/पूर्वक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √snā (धातु) + क्त्वा (absolutive)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त्वा/absolutive): ‘having bathed’ (पूर्वक्रिया)

• hi: indeed
• hi: Avadhāraṇa (Emphasis/अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (निपात/particle): ‘indeed’

• ārādhya: having worshipped
• ārādhya: Pūrvakriyā (Prior action/पूर्वक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā√rādh (धातु) + ल्यप् (absolutive)
• Form: कृदन्त (ल्यप्/absolutive): ‘having worshipped/propitiated’ (पूर्वक्रिया)

• parameśvaram: the Supreme Lord
• parameśvaram: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: parama (प्रातिपदिक) + īśvara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (परमः ईश्वरः)

Speaker

Mārkaṇḍeya

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Puṅkha-tīrtha

Type: ghat

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: नरेश्वर (राजा)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: नर्मदा-घाट पर तीर्थयात्री स्नान कर रहा है; पास में शिवलिंग/परमेश्वर का छोटा मंदिर; ‘पुङ्खतीर्थ’ की कीर्ति का उद्घोष

Characters & Entities

• Puṅkha Tīrtha
• Parameśvara (Śiva)
• King (listener)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Sacred bathing and Śiva-worship at a celebrated tīrtha are presented as a complete devotional path.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

Puṅkha Tīrtha (also introduced in connection with Puṅkhila), a renowned ford in the Revā Khaṇḍa sequence.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Snāna (ritual bathing) at the tīrtha and ārādhana (worship/propitiation) of Parameśvara (Śiva).