Shiva Purana — Rudra Samhita, Shloka 39

दक्षयज्ञोत्तरवृत्तान्तः

Post–Dakṣa-Yajña Developments and the Appeal to Viṣṇu

Devanagari script

तथा सख्या कुबेरेण भर्त्रा गुह्यकरक्षसाम् । सेव्यमानं विशेषेण स्वगणैर्ज्ञातिभिस्सदा

Transliteration

tathā sakhyā kubereṇa bhartrā guhyakarakṣasām | sevyamānaṃ viśeṣeṇa svagaṇairjñātibhissadā

Translation

同样地，他与俱毗罗（Kubera）结为友好；俱毗罗乃夜叉隐众（guhyaka）与罗刹之主。他常常由自己的眷属与亲族以格外恭敬之礼随侍供奉。

Word by Word

• तथा: thus; likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connecting adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), adverb (क्रियाविशेषण)

• सख्या: by friendship; with friendship
• सख्या: Karana (करण/means)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sakhī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• कुबेरॆण: by/with Kubera
• कुबेरॆण: Sahakari (सहकारी/associate; सह-करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kubera (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• भर्त्रा: by/with (her) husband
• भर्त्रा: Sahakari (सहकारी/associate)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhartṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• गुह्यक-रक्षसाम्: of the Guhyakas and the Rakshasas
• गुह्यक-रक्षसाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessive-genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: guhyaka (प्रातिपदिक) + rākṣasa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Compound (समास): Dvandva (द्वन्द्व) ‘guhyakāḥ ca rākṣasāḥ ca’; Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)

• सेव्यमानम्: being served; attended
• सेव्यमानम्: Karma (कर्म/object; ‘being served’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sev (धातु)
• Form: Present passive participle (वर्तमानकाले कर्मणि कृदन्त/शानच्-प्रत्यय), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• विशेषेण: especially; in particular
• विशेषेण: Karana (करण/adverbial instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: viśeṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन); adverbial use (क्रियाविशेषणवत्)

• स्व-गणैः: by his own attendants/groups
• स्व-गणैः: Karana (करण/means; agents in passive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sva (प्रातिपदिक) + gaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Compound (समास): Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष) ‘svasya gaṇaiḥ’; Masculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• ज्ञातिभिः: by kinsmen/relatives
• ज्ञातिभिः: Karana (करण/means; agents in passive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jñāti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• सदा: always
• सदा: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/time-locus)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sadā (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), adverb (कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण)

Speaker

Suta Goswami

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pati

Shiva Form: Mahādeva

Characters & Entities

• Kubera
• Guhyakas
• Rakshasas

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

The verse highlights the Shaiva value of seva (reverent service) and sacred association: closeness to divine beings and orderly companionship supports dharma and devotion, indicating a life aligned with higher spiritual authority and grace.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

Though the verse speaks of attendants and friendship with Kubera, it reflects the Saguna (personal) framework of Shaiva tradition where divine communities, guardians, and devotees serve in reverence—mirroring how devotees approach Shiva’s Linga with honor, service, and disciplined worship.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

The practical takeaway is cultivating seva and reverence: regular worship with respectful attendance—such as daily Linga-puja with mantra-japa (e.g., Om Namaḥ Śivāya) and disciplined conduct—aligns the devotee with Shiva’s sacred order.