Shiva Purana — Rudra Samhita, Shloka 44

शिवानुकम्पा, ब्रह्मणो निर्भयत्वं च (Śiva’s Compassion and Brahmā’s Fearlessness)

Devanagari script

ततो दक्षं समामंत्र्य शंकरः परमेश्वरः । पत्न्या सत्या गंतुमना अभूत्स्वजनवत्सलः

Transliteration

tato dakṣaṃ samāmaṃtrya śaṃkaraḥ parameśvaraḥ | patnyā satyā gaṃtumanā abhūtsvajanavatsalaḥ

Translation

于是，至上主圣羯罗（Śaṅkara）在如法邀请达叉（Dakṣa）之后，便起意与其妻萨蒂（Satī）同往彼处——恒常慈爱眷顾自己族亲。

Word by Word

• tataḥ: then/thereupon
• tataḥ: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (Avyaya), अव्यय-प्रकारः: क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

• dakṣam: Dakṣa (as object)
• dakṣam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dakṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (singular)

• samāmantrya: having invited/consulted
• samāmantrya: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-ā-mantr (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), धातुः: मन्त्र् (to consult/invite), उपसर्गाः: सम्+आ, अव्ययभावः: पूर्वक्रिया (having invited/consulted)

• śaṃkaraḥ: Śaṅkara
• śaṃkaraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śaṃkara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन

• parameśvaraḥ: the Supreme Lord
• parameśvaraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: parama-īśvara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासः कर्मधारयः (paramaḥ īśvaraḥ)

• patnyā: with (his) wife
• patnyā: Sahakari (सहकारी/सह)
• Type: Noun
• Root: patnī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन

• satyā: (namely) Satī
• satyā: Sahakari (सहकारी/सह)
• Type: Noun
• Root: satī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेष्य-सामानाधिकरण्येण ‘patnyā’ इति सह (apposition)

• gantumanāḥ: intending to go
• gantumanāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: gantum-anas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासः तत्पुरुषः (gantum = तुमुनन्त-‘to go’ + manas ‘mind’: ‘one whose mind is to go’/intending to go)

• abhūt: became/was
• abhūt: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhū (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/past), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• svajana-vatsalaḥ: affectionate to his own people
• svajana-vatsalaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sva-jana + vatsala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासः तत्पुरुषः (svajana = own people/kinsmen; vatsala = affectionate)

Speaker

Sūta Gosvāmin

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pati

Shiva Form: Umāpati

Shakti Dimension

Shakti Form: Satī

Role: nurturing

Characters & Entities

• Shiva
• Sati
• Daksha

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It shows Parameśvara Śiva acting in the world with compassion and social harmony: though supremely transcendent, he adopts gentle, dharmic conduct for the welfare of beings—an important Shaiva Siddhānta emphasis on the Lord’s grace (anugraha) expressed through lived example.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

The verse highlights Saguna Śiva—Śaṅkara as the personal Lord who engages in relationships and duties. Linga-worship similarly approaches the transcendent (Nirguṇa) through a tangible, worshipful form, where the devotee learns reverence, restraint, and devotion.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

The takeaway is respectful invocation before action: begin duties with remembrance of Śiva—mentally repeating the Pañcākṣarī (“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”) and cultivating humility and goodwill toward family and community.