Rig Veda 8.21.2: Mandala 8, Sukta 21, Mantra 2
Sukta 8.21
Devata: Indra
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
उप त्वा कर्मन्नूतये स नो युवोग्रश्चक्राम यो धृषत् । त्वामिद्ध्यवितारं ववृमहे सखाय इन्द्र सानसिम् ॥
Transliteration
úpa tvā kármann ūtáye sá no yúvográs cakrāma yó dhṛṣát | tvā́m íd dhy avitā́raṃ vavṛmáhe sákhāya indra sānasím ||
Translation
在行事之中，为求援助，我们内在那年轻而可畏的力量勇猛推进；唯有你，我们择为救护者。因陀罗啊，友伴、赐利者，与我们同在于胜取之战。
Word by Word
उपnear, towards; (as preverb) up to
उप:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउप (उपसर्ग/निपात)
त्वाyou (acc. sg.)
त्वा:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
कर्मन्O doer/worker (voc.)
कर्मन्:
—
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
ऊतयेfor help, for aid
ऊतये:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun
Rootऊति (प्रातिपदिक)
सःhe
सः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
नःof us, our
नः:
—
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
युवोग्रःthe young fierce one
युवोग्रः:
Kartā (as qualifier of subject) / or predicate adjective
TypeAdjective (compound)
Rootयुव- (प्रातिपदिक) + उग्र (प्रातिपदिक)
चक्रामI have stepped forth / I have come
चक्राम:
—
TypeVerb
Rootक्रम् (धातु)
यःwho
यः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
धृषत्dares, is bold
धृषत्:
—
TypeVerb (finite, injunctive/aoristic present in Vedic usage)
Rootधृष् (धातु)
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
इत्indeed, just
इत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइद्/इत् (निपात)
हिfor, indeed
हि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (निपात)
अवितारम्protector, helper
अवितारम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअवितृ (प्रातिपदिक; कर्तृ-नाम)
ववृमहेwe have chosen
ववृमहे:
—
TypeVerb
Rootवृ (धातु) ‘to choose’
सखायःfriends, comrades
सखायः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootसखि (प्रातिपदिक)
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
—
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
सानसिम्the giver of gain / winning one
सानसिम्:
Karma (apposition to त्वाम्/अवितारम्)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootसानसि (प्रातिपदिक; वैदिक)
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