Rig Veda 7.86.1: Mandala 7, Sukta 86, Mantra 1
Sukta 7.86
Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (traditional for RV 7.86)
Devata: Varuṇa (with cosmic-sovereign framing; hymn is Varuṇa-centered)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
धीरा त्वस्य महिना जनूंषि वि यस्तस्तम्भ रोदसी चिदुर्वी । प्र नाकमृष्वं नुनुदे बृहन्तं द्विता नक्षत्रं पप्रथच्च भूम ॥
Transliteration
dhīrā́ tv asya mahinā́ janū́ṃṣi ví yas tastámbha ródasī cid urvī́ | prá nā́kam ṛṣváṃ nunude bṛhántam dvitā́ nákṣatraṃ papráthat ca bhū́ma ||
Translation
凭那一位的伟力，坚定的明见之力被唤醒——他使两界广阔之世亦得安立。他推出高远而浩大的天穹；又铺展双重的星辰之座，并奠定大地之基——建立起有序的广大，使觉知得以生长。
Word by Word
धीराḥthe wise (seers)
धीराḥ:
कर्तृ (of the implied ‘are/know’ etc.; subject of the descriptive clause)
TypeAdjective (substantivized)
Rootधीरा- (प्रातिपदिक; धीर < √धृ/√धी ‘to hold/think’, ‘steady, wise’)
त्वाyou
त्वा:
कर्म (object of an implied verb like ‘know/recognize/praise’)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्- (2nd person pronoun stem)
अस्यof him/this (one)
अस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘of him/this one’)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्- (pronominal stem)
महिनाby (his) greatness/might
महिना:
करण (instrumental: ‘by/through (his) might’)
TypeNoun
Rootमहिन्-/महिमा- (प्रातिपदिक ‘greatness, might’)
जनूंषिthe two knees
जनूंषि:
कर्म (object with √तभ्/स्तम्भ ‘to prop’)
TypeNoun
Rootजनु- (प्रातिपदिक ‘knee’; dual ‘knees’)
विapart, asunder; widely
वि:
— (preverb modifying the verb)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि (upasarga/particle)
यःwho
यः:
कर्तृ (subject of तस्तम्भ)
TypePronoun
Rootयद्- (relative pronoun)
तस्तम्भpropped up / made firm
तस्तम्भ:
कर्तृ-क्रिया (finite verb of the relative clause)
TypeVerb
Root√स्तम्भ् (स्तम्भ्) ‘to prop, support, make firm’
रोदसीthe two worlds (heaven and earth)
रोदसी:
कर्म (what is propped up)
TypeNoun
Rootरोदसी- (प्रातिपदिक ‘the two worlds: heaven & earth’)
चित्indeed, even
चित्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचित् (particle)
उर्वीthe broad (one), the wide expanse
उर्वी:
विशेषण/सम्बन्ध (descriptive epithet)
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootउर्वी- (प्रातिपदिक ‘broad, wide (earth)’)
प्रforth, forward
प्र:
— (preverb)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (upasarga/particle)
नाकम्heaven, the firmament
नाकम्:
कर्म (object of नुनुदे)
TypeNoun
Rootनाक- (प्रातिपदिक ‘heaven, firmament’)
ऋष्वम्lofty
ऋष्वम्:
विशेषण (qualifier of the object)
TypeAdjective
Rootऋष्व- (प्रातिपदिक ‘lofty, high’)
नुnow; indeed
नु:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु (particle)
नुनुदेhas thrust/pushed (forth)
नुनुदे:
कर्तृ-क्रिया (main verb)
TypeVerb
Root√नुद् ‘to push, thrust, drive’
बृहन्तम्the great (one/expanse)
बृहन्तम्:
कर्म (co-object/appositive with नाकम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootबृहन्त्- (प्रातिपदिक ‘great, lofty’)
द्विताin two ways; doubly; as a pair
द्विता:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootद्विता (adverb from द्वि ‘two’)
नक्षत्रम्the starry (realm); a constellation
नक्षत्रम्:
कर्म (object of पप्रथत्)
TypeNoun
Rootनक्षत्र- (प्रातिपदिक ‘star; constellation’)
पप्रथत्has spread out / extended
पप्रथत्:
कर्तृ-क्रिया (finite verb)
TypeVerb
Root√प्रथ् ‘to spread, extend, become wide’
चand
च:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (conjunction)
भूमthe earth/ground; the expanse
भूम:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootभूमन्-/भूमि- (Vedic form; ‘earth/ground/space’)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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