Rig Veda 4.32.22: Mandala 4, Sukta 32, Mantra 22

Sukta 4.32

Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama

Devata: Indra (with focus on his steeds/harīs, here babhrū)

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

प्र ते बभ्रू विचक्षण शंसामि गोषणो नपात् । माभ्यां गा अनु शिश्रथः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 4.32.22

Transliteration

prá te babhrū́ vicakṣaṇa śáṃsāmi goṣaṇo napāt | mā́bhyāṃ gā́ ánu śiśrathaḥ ||

Translation

我赞颂你那一对赤褐之马，噢，明见者、牧群欢悦之嗣子。莫使光线追随那二者而远去——愿它们为我们在此被系留。

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Word by Word

• प्र: forth, forward
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (upasarga)

• ते: to you
• ते: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (pronoun)

• बभ्रू: O Babhru (the tawny one; epithet/name)
• बभ्रू: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun (vocative, proper/epithet)
• Root: बभ्रु (prātipadika)

• विचक्षण: O clear-sighted, discerning one
• विचक्षण: Sambodhana
• Type: Adjective (vocative)
• Root: वि-चक्षण (prātipadika < √चक्ष्/√चक्ष् ‘to see, perceive’)

• शंसामि: I praise, I proclaim
• शंसामि: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √शंस्

• गोषणो: O winner of cows (wealth)
• गोषणो: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun/Adjective (vocative epithet)
• Root: गो-षणि/गो-षण (prātipadika; ‘winning cows/wealth’)

• नपात्: O offspring/descendant (Napat)
• नपात्: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun (vocative)
• Root: नपात् (prātipadika)

• मा: do not
• मा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा (particle)

• अभ्याम्: towards, against
• अभ्याम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभि (upasarga)

• गाः: cows
• गाः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो (prātipadika)

• अनु: along, after
• अनु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अनु (upasarga/avyaya)

• शिश्रथः: (you) should not loosen/let loose
• शिश्रथः: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √श्रथ् (to loosen, untie) with reduplication (intensive/perfect-like stem śi-śrath-)