Rig Veda 4.19.7: Mandala 4, Sukta 19, Mantra 7
Sukta 4.19
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; some textual difficulties in this verse)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
प्राग्रुवो नभन्वो न वक्वा ध्वस्रा अपिन्वद्युवतीॠतज्ञाः । धन्वान्यज्राँ अपृणक्तृषाणाँ अधोगिन्द्रः स्तर्यो दंसुपत्नीः ॥
Transliteration
prā́gruvo nabhánvo na vakvā́ dhvasrā́ apinvad yuvatī́r ṛtá-jñāḥ | dhánvāny ájrāṁ apṛṇak tṛṣāṇā́m ádhog índraḥ staryò dám-supatnīḥ ||
Translation
负云者向前行进，并不结舌；幽暗者充盈那知真理的年轻神力。对干渴的荒原与贫瘠的旷野，他使之满溢；因陀罗——巧工之智者——挤出诸流，那些为技艺之居所的配偶之力。
Word by Word
प्राक्forward, in front
प्राक्:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्राञ्च्/प्राक् (दिक्-प्रत्यय, अव्यय)
रुवःthe roaring/crying ones
रुवः:
Kartā
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootरु (धातु) → रुव (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) अथवा रुव (नाम)
नभन्वःcloudy, sky-going (cloud-like)
नभन्वः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootनभन्/नभस् (प्रातिपदिक) + वन् (मतुप्/वन्-प्रत्यय) → नभन्व
नlike/as; (also) not (contextually: like)
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निपात)
वक्वाःeloquent/speaking ones
वक्वाः:
Kartā
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootवक्व (प्रातिपदिक; ‘वाच्/वक्’ से)
ध्वस्राःdark/grey (mares/cows)
ध्वस्राः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootध्वस्र (प्रातिपदिक)
अपिन्वत्he caused to swell/filled
अपिन्वत्:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootपिव्/प्याय् (धातु) + अपि- (उपसर्ग) → अपि-पिन्व्
युवतीःyoung women; young (fem.)
युवतीः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयुवती (प्रातिपदिक)
ऋतज्ञाःknowing ṛta (cosmic order)
ऋतज्ञाः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootऋत-ज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक; ‘ऋत’ + ‘ज्ञा/ज्ञ’ )
धन्वानिwastes/deserts; dry tracts
धन्वानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधन्वन् (प्रातिपदिक)
अज्रान्open, unobstructed; wide
अज्रान्:
Viśeṣaṇa (of धन्वानि) / Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअज्र (प्रातिपदिक)
अपृणक्he filled
अपृणक्:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootपॄ/पृ (धातु ‘to fill’) + आ/अप? (यहाँ: अ-augment) → अपृणक्
तृषाणाम्of the thirsty ones
तृषाणाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootतृषा (प्रातिपदिक)
अधोगिन्going downward; descending
अधोगिन्:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootअधस् (अव्यय/उपसर्ग) + गिन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘गम्’ से) → अधोगिन्
इन्द्रःIndra
इन्द्रः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
स्तर्यःspreading/laying out
स्तर्यः:
Viśeṣaṇa (of इन्द्रः)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्तर्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘स्तॄ/स्तृ’ ‘to spread/lay’ से)
दंसुपत्नीःwives of skill/ritual power (i.e., attendant women/consorts)
दंसुपत्नीः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदंसु-पत्नी (समास; दंसु ‘कर्म/कौशल’ + पत्नी)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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