Rig Veda 4.12.3: Mandala 4, Sukta 12, Mantra 3
Sukta 4.12
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama
Devata: Agni
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अग्निरीशे बृहतः क्षत्रियस्याग्निर्वाजस्य परमस्य रायः । दधाति रत्नं विधते यविष्ठो व्यानुषङ्मर्त्याय स्वधावान् ॥
Transliteration
agnír īśe bṛhatáḥ kṣatríyasya agnír vā́jasya paramásya rāyáḥ | dádhāti rátnam vidhaté yáviṣṭho vy ā́nuṣaṅ mártyāya svadhā́vān ||
Translation
阿耆尼为广大之刹帝利之力（kṣatra）之主；阿耆尼为至上之力的丰饶与最高财富之主。最年轻者、以自持之力（svadhā）而立者，为祭献者安置宝珍；为凡人连续不断地铺陈开来。
Word by Word
अग्निःAgni (the fire-god)
अग्निः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि- (प्रातिपदिक)
ईशेrules, has dominion
ईशे:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootईश् (धातु)
बृहतःof the great
बृहतः:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeAdjective
Rootबृहन्त्- (प्रातिपदिक)
क्षत्रियस्यof the ruler/sovereign power
क्षत्रियस्य:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिय- (प्रातिपदिक)
अग्निःAgni
अग्निः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि- (प्रातिपदिक)
वाजस्यof strength/prize (vāja)
वाजस्य:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootवाज- (प्रातिपदिक)
परमस्यof the highest
परमस्य:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम- (प्रातिपदिक)
रायःof wealth, riches
रायः:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootराय्/रयि- (प्रातिपदिक; RV often shows gen. sg. रायः)
दधातिplaces, bestows
दधाति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootधा (धातु)
रत्नम्treasure, precious gift
रत्नम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootरत्न- (प्रातिपदिक)
विधतेto the worshipper (the one who performs rites)
विधते:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun (participle used substantively)
Rootवि-धा (धातु) → विधत्- (कृदन्त ‘worshipper/ordainer’)
यविष्ठःyoungest
यविष्ठः:
कर्तृ (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootयविष्ठ- (प्रातिपदिक; superlative of युवा/युवन् ‘young’ in RV usage)
विapart, widely
वि:
क्रियाविशेषण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
अनुषक्in succession, continuously
अनुषक्:
क्रियाविशेषण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनुषक् (अव्यय; Vedic adverb)
मर्त्यायto the mortal
मर्त्याय:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun
Rootमर्त्य- (प्रातिपदिक)
स्वधावान्possessing svadhā (inherent power/ritual potency)
स्वधावान्:
कर्तृ (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वधा-वत् (प्रातिपदिक; possessive adj.)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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