Rig Veda 3.33.11: Mandala 3, Sukta 33, Mantra 11
Sukta 3.33
Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina
Devata: Rivers (as enabling powers) with Indra as the impelling force in the background
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
यदङ्ग त्वा भरताः संतरेयुर्गव्यन्ग्राम इषित इन्द्रजूतः । अर्षादह प्रसवः सर्गतक्त आ वो वृणे सुमतिं यज्ञियानाम् ॥
Transliteration
yád aṅgá tvā bharatā́ḥ saṃ-táreyur gavyán grā́ma iṣitá índra-jūtaḥ | árṣād áha prasaváḥ sárga-takta ā́ vo vṛṇe su-matíṃ yajñíyānām ||
Translation
当啊，婆罗多族欲渡过你，寻求光辉的牛群——那被因陀罗之力所驱策、行进的队伍——愿那推动之势奔涌向前，铸成解放的洪流；我为你拣选祭祀者们正念的恩惠。
Word by Word
यत्when; that (which)
यत्:
Adhikaraṇa (kāla/viṣaya) (clausal connector)
TypeIndeclinable (relative) / Pronoun
Rootयद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)
अङ्गindeed; surely
अङ्ग:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअङ्ग (nipāta)
त्वाyou (as object)
त्वा:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (sarvanāma)
भरताःthe bearers; the carriers (i.e., those who carry/bring)
भरताः:
Kartā
TypeNoun (agent) / Adjective
Root√भृ (भरति) / bharatā́- (agent noun from √भृ)
संतरेयुःmight cross over
संतरेयुः:
Kriyā (verbal action)
TypeVerb
Rootसम्+√तॄ (तॄ/तॢ) 'to cross'
गव्यन्seeking cattle; cattle-desiring
गव्यन्:
Viśeṣaṇa (of kartā)
TypeAdjective
Rootगव्य- (from गो 'cow' + -य) / gavyá-
ग्रामःthe troop; host; band
ग्रामः:
Kartā (of implied action with crossing/going)
TypeNoun
Rootग्राम-
इषितःimpelled; urged on
इषितः:
Viśeṣaṇa (of kartā)
TypeParticiple (past passive)
Root√इष् 'to impel' (ppp iṣitá-) / also √इष् 'to desire' in some contexts
इन्द्रजूतःdriven/urged by Indra
इन्द्रजूतः:
Viśeṣaṇa (of kartā)
TypeAdjective (compound)
Rootइन्द्र- + जूत- (ppp from √जु/√जू 'to impel, hasten'; 'driven')
अर्षात्rushed; streamed forth
अर्षात्:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√ऋष्/√अर्ष् (arṣ-) 'to flow, rush, move swiftly'
अहindeed; then
अह:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअह (nipāta)
प्रसवःthe impulse; the instigation; the onset
प्रसवः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootप्रसव- (pra- + √सू 'to beget/impel' → 'impulse, instigation, onset')
सर्गतक्तःfashioned/constructed as a surge/stream; well-formed for the onrush
सर्गतक्तः:
Viśeṣaṇa (of kartā)
TypeAdjective (compound participial)
Rootसर्ग- + तक्त- (ppp from √तक्ष् 'to fashion, construct')
आtowards; unto
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (preverb/particle)
वःfor you (pl.)
वः:
Sampradāna
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (sarvanāma)
वृणेI choose
वृणे:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√वृ (वृणोति/वृणुते) 'to choose'
सुमतिम्good thought; favor; benevolence
सुमतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसु- + मति-
यज्ञियानाम्of the worshipful/ritual-worthy (ones)
यज्ञियानाम्:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (genitive relation to सुमतिम्)
TypeAdjective used substantively
Rootयज्ञिय- (from यज्ञ 'sacrifice' + -इय) 'worthy of sacrifice/ritual'
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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