Rig Veda 2.43.1: Mandala 2, Sukta 43, Mantra 1
Sukta 2.43
Rishi: Gṛtsamada (traditional attribution for RV 2.43)
Devata: Śakuni/Śakunta (bird-omen as ṛta-speaking sign)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; verify against pada-count of full text tradition)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
प्रदक्षिणिदभि गृणन्ति कारवो वयो वदन्त ऋतुथा शकुन्तयः । उभे वाचौ वदति सामगा इव गायत्रं च त्रैष्टुभं चानु राजति ॥
Transliteration
pradakṣiṇíd abhi gṛṇanti kārávo váyo vádanta ṛtuthā́ śakúntayaḥ | ubhé vā́cau vadati sāmagā́ iva gāyatráṃ ca traíṣṭubhaṃ cā́nu rājati ||
Translation
循吉祥的右旋之道，歌者赞颂；群鸟依时令、依真秩（ṛta）而言，发出其征兆。它以两种声音发言，如同诵唱《娑曼》（Sāman）者；它光辉显现，随顺《伽耶特丽》（Gāyatrī）与《特里什图布》（Triṣṭubh）两种韵律。
Word by Word
प्रदक्षिणीmoving/turning to the right (auspiciously), rightward
प्रदक्षिणी:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रदक्षिणी- (प्रातिपदिक; प्र- + दक्षिणी)
इद्indeed, just
इद्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइद् (निपात)
अभिtowards, upon
अभि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
गृणन्तिthey sing/praise
गृणन्ति:
—
TypeVerb
Rootगृ (गृणाति ‘स्तु/गाय’)
कारवःsingers, bards
कारवः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootकारु-
वयःthe birds (bird-kind)
वयः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootवयस्-
वदन्तेthey speak/utter
वदन्ते:
—
TypeVerb
Rootवद्
ऋतुथाseasonally, in due season
ऋतुथा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootऋतु- + -था (अव्ययीभाव)
शकुन्तयःbirds
शकुन्तयः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootशकुन्त-
उभेboth
उभे:
Karma
TypeAdjective (pronominal)
Rootउभ-
वाचौtwo utterances/voices (two kinds of speech/chant)
वाचौ:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाच्-
वदतिhe speaks/utters
वदति:
—
TypeVerb
Rootवद्
सामगाa Sāman-chanter (sāmaga)
सामगा:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootसामग-
इवlike, as
इव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (निपात)
गायत्रम्the Gāyatrī (metre/chant)
गायत्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगायत्र-
चand
च:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (निपात)
त्रैष्टुभम्the Triṣṭubh (metre/chant)
त्रैष्टुभम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootत्रैष्टुभ-
चand
च:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (निपात)
अनुafter, along, in sequence
अनु:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनु (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
राजतिhe shines, is resplendent
राजति:
—
TypeVerb
Rootराज् (राजते/राजति ‘शोभते’)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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