Rig Veda 2.23.9: Mandala 2, Sukta 23, Mantra 9
Sukta 2.23
Rishi: Gṛtsamada
Devata: Brahmaṇaspati
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
त्वया वयं सुवृधा ब्रह्मणस्पते स्पार्हा वसु मनुष्या ददीमहि । या नो दूरे तळितो या अरातयोऽभि सन्ति जम्भया ता अनप्नसः ॥
Transliteration
tváyā vayáṃ su-vṛ́dhā brahmaṇas-pate spā́rhā vásu manuṣyā́ dadīmahi | yā́ no dūré táḷito yā́ arā́tayo 'bhí sánti jambháyā tā́ anapnásaḥ ||
Translation
凭借你，噢，增长丰盛的言语之主（Brahmaṇaspati），我们愿获得可羡的人间财宝——充盈的存在之富。那远处的袭击者，那逼迫我们的敌意之众——请以颚牙粉碎之，使其无力、无所成就。
Word by Word
त्वयाby you / with you
त्वया:
Karaṇa
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
वयम्we
वयम्:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सुवृधाwell-strengthened / well-aided
सुवृधा:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootसु-वृध (प्रातिपदिक; वृध् ‘to grow/increase’)
ब्रह्मणस्पतेO Lord of prayer (Bṛhaspati)
ब्रह्मणस्पते:
(Sambodhana)
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootब्रह्मणस्-पति (प्रातिपदिक)
स्पार्हाdesirable
स्पार्हा:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootस्पृह्/स्पृहणीय (प्रातिपदिक ‘desirable’)
वसुgoods / riches
वसु:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवसु (प्रातिपदिक)
मनुष्याःmen / mortals
मनुष्याः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य (प्रातिपदिक)
ददीमहिwe give / we would bestow
ददीमहि:
(Kriyā)
TypeVerb
Rootदा (धातु ‘to give’)
याwhich (those who)
या:
Kartā
TypePronoun (relative)
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
नःof us / our
नः:
(Genitive relation)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
दूरेfar away
दूरे:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeAdverbial (locative form)
Rootदूर (प्रातिपदिक)
तळितःlightnings / flashes
तळितः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootतळित्/तडित् (प्रातिपदिक ‘lightning; flashing’)
याwhich (those who)
या:
Kartā
TypePronoun (relative)
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अरा॑तयःhostile ones / enemies
अरा॑तयः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootअरा॑ति (प्रातिपदिक ‘harm; hostile intent’ → ‘hostile ones’)
अभिtowards / against
अभि:
(Directional/Preverbal)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
सन्तिare
सन्ति:
(Kriyā)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु ‘to be’)
जम्भयcrush!
जम्भय:
(Kriyā)
TypeVerb
Rootजम्भ् (धातु ‘to crush, to smash’)
तान्those (them)
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अनप्नसःineffective / unaccomplishing
अनप्नसः:
Kartā (predicative) / (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootअन-अप्नस् (प्रातिपदिक; अप्नस् ‘work, attainment, success’ → ‘without success/without effective work’)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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