Shloka 53

युद्धलक्षण-निमित्तदर्शनं तथा लङ्काद्वारव्यूहः

War Omens and the Encirclement of Lanka’s Gates

Devanagari script

वानरैर्बलवद्भिश्चबभूवद्रुमपाणिभिः ।।6.41.53।।सम्वृतासर्वतोलङ्कादुष्प्रवेशाऽपिवायुना ।

Transliteration

vānarair balavadbhiś ca babhūva drumapāṇibhiḥ | saṃvṛtā sarvato laṅkā duṣpraveśā 'pi vāyunā ||6.41.53||

Translation

兰迦被强大的婆那罗们从四面合围，他们手执树木为兵；封锁得严密，连风也难以进入。

Word by Word

• vānaraiḥ: by monkeys
• vānaraiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vānara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (3), Bahuvacana

• balavadbhiḥ: strong
• balavadbhiḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: balavat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (3), Bahuvacana; agrees with vānaraiḥ

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Samuccaya-avyaya

• babhūva: became/was
• babhūva: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √bhū (भू) (धातु)
• Form: Laṅ (लङ्) past, Parasmaipada, Prathama (3rd), Ekavacana

• drumapāṇibhiḥ: by those with trees in their hands
• drumapāṇibhiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: druma + pāṇi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (द्रुमः पाणौ येषाम्/द्रुमपाणि); Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (3), Bahuvacana

• saṃvṛtā: enclosed/blocked
• saṃvṛtā: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sam-√vṛ (वृ) (धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: Kta-participle, Strīliṅga, Prathamā (1), Ekavacana; predicate adjective of laṅkā

• sarvataḥ: everywhere
• sarvataḥ: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sarvataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; adverb

• laṅkā: Lanka
• laṅkā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: laṅkā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Prathamā (1), Ekavacana

• duṣpraveśā: hard to enter
• duṣpraveśā: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dus + praveśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Upapada-tatpuruṣa (दुष्प्रवेशः यस्याः); Strīliṅga, Prathamā (1), Ekavacana; predicate adjective

• api: even
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; concessive particle

• vāyunā: by the wind
• vāyunā: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vāyu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (3), Ekavacana

Context

All over the mountain the monkeys surrounded the boundary wall of Lanka city to collect information.

Characters & Entities

• Laṅkā
• Vānara forces

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is the firm restraint of adharma: the forces of justice create an inescapable boundary so wrongdoing cannot freely operate or flee consequences.

What is the narrative situation?

The Vānara army completes an overwhelming encirclement of Laṅkā, forming a near-impenetrable ring around the city.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Dṛḍhatā (steadfast firmness) and śaurya (martial courage) expressed through disciplined siege pressure.