Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 4, Shloka 43

समुद्रतट-प्रयाणम् तथा वेलावन-निवेशः

March to the Seacoast and Encampment at the Shore

Devanagari script

ततो वानरराजेन लक्ष्मणेन सुपूजितः ।जगाम रामो धर्मात्मा ससैन्यो दक्षिणां दिशम् ।।।।

Transliteration

tato vānararājena lakṣmaṇena supūjitaḥ | jagāma rāmo dharmātmā sasainyo dakṣiṇāṃ diśam ||

Translation

于是，法性正直的罗摩，受猴王与罗什曼那恭敬礼敬，率领军队启程，向南方进发。

Word by Word

• ततः: then
• ततः: काल/क्रम (Temporal-sequence adjunct)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (indeclinable adverb), ‘then/thereafter’

• वानरराजेन: by the monkey-king
• वानरराजेन: करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vānara + rāja (प्रातिपदिक) (वानर + राज)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (genitive determinative: ‘king of monkeys’), पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), तृतीया विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (singular)

• लक्ष्मणेन: by Lakshmana
• लक्ष्मणेन: करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), तृतीया विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (singular)

• सुपूजितः: well-honoured
• सुपूजितः: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: su + √pūj (धातु) (पूज्) + kta (क्त) = supūjita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (singular); predicate/qualifier of रामः

• जगाम: went
• जगाम: क्रिया (Action/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √gam (धातु) (गम्)
• Form: लिट् लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)

• रामः: Rama
• रामः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (singular)

• धर्मात्मा: righteous-souled
• धर्मात्मा: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dharma + ātman (प्रातिपदिक) (धर्म + आत्मन्)
• Form: बहुव्रीहि (possessive: ‘whose self is dharma’ = righteous), पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (singular); विशेषण to रामः

• ससैन्यः: with (his) army
• ससैन्यः: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sa + sainya (प्रातिपदिक) (स + सैन्य)
• Form: उपपद-तत्पुरुष (with ‘स’ = ‘with’), पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (singular); विशेषण to रामः

• दक्षिणाम्: southern
• दक्षिणाम्: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dakṣiṇā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), द्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (singular); विशेषण to दिशम्

• दिशम्: direction
• दिशम्: कर्म (Karman/Object; goal of motion)
• Type: Noun
• Root: diś (प्रातिपदिक) (दिश्)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), द्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (singular)

Context

Then righteous Rama who is worshipped by the king of vanaras and by Lakshmana went with the army towards the southern direction.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Lakṣmaṇa
• Vānararāja (Sugrīva implied)
• Army (sainya)
• Southern direction (dakṣiṇā diś)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Righteous leadership attracts rightful support: dharma is advanced through respectful alliances where power recognizes virtue and serves it.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma, accompanied by Lakṣmaṇa and the vānaras, begins moving southward with the full host.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Dharma-centered kingship—Rāma’s moral stature is acknowledged by allies, reinforcing legitimate authority.