Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 63, Shloka 2

दधिमुख

विज्ञापनम् / Dadhimukha Reports the Madhuvana Incident

Devanagari script

उत्तिष्ठोत्तिष्ठ कस्मात्त्वं पादयोः पतितो मम।अभयं ते भवेद्वीर सर्वमेवाभिधीयताम्।।।।

Transliteration

uttiṣṭhottiṣṭha kasmāt tvaṃ pādayoḥ patito mama | abhayaṃ te bhaved vīra sarvam evābhidhīyatām ||

Translation

起来，起来——为何伏倒在我足下？无所畏惧吧，勇士；将一切如实告知于我。

Word by Word

• uttiṣṭha: get up
• uttiṣṭha: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ud-√sthā (धातु)
• Form: Imperative (लोट्), Parasmaipada, 2nd person (मध्यमपुरुष), Singular; repeated for emphasis

• uttiṣṭha: get up
• uttiṣṭha: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ud-√sthā (धातु)
• Form: Imperative (लोट्), Parasmaipada, 2nd person, Singular; repetition

• kasmāt: why
• kasmāt: Hetu (हेतुः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: kim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Interrogative adverbial ablative (कुतः/कस्मात्), 'why/from what cause'

• tvam: you
• tvam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun, Nominative (1), Singular; addressee

• pādayoḥ: at (my) feet
• pādayoḥ: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरणम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pāda (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Locative (सप्तमी/7) Dual (द्विवचन); 'at/on the feet'

• patitaḥ: fallen/prostrated
• patitaḥ: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa / Bhāva (भावे; predicate participle)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √pat (धातु)
• Form: Past active participle (क्त), Masculine Nominative Singular; predicate of tvam: 'fallen/prostrated'

• mama: my
• mama: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठीसम्बन्धः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun, Genitive (6), Singular; 'of me/my'

• abhayam: safety/fearlessness
• abhayam: Pradhāna (प्रधानीयम्; predicate)
• Type: Noun
• Root: abhaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative (1) or Accusative (2), Singular; here nominative as predicate: 'fearlessness/safety'

• te: to you
• te: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदानम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun, Dative (4), Singular; 'to you/for you'

• bhavet: may be
• bhavet: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √bhū (धातु)
• Form: Optative (विधिलिङ्), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular; 'may be'

• vīra: O hero
• vīra: Sambodhana (सम्बोधनम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vīra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Vocative (सम्बोधन), Singular; address

• sarvam: everything
• sarvam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (2), Singular; object of abhidhīyatām: 'everything'

• eva: indeed/just
• eva: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषणम्)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Emphatic particle (निपात)

• abhidhīyatām: let (it) be told / please tell
• abhidhīyatām: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: abhi-√dhā (धातु)
• Form: Imperative (लोट्), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद), 3rd person, Singular; passive/impersonal sense: 'let it be told/please state'

Context

"Those vanaras having entered Madhuvanam and broken the trees are quite right. Had they not accomplished their purpose they would not have indulged themselves that way.

Characters & Entities

• Lakṣmaṇa
• Dadhimukha

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

A leader practicing dharma first removes fear and guarantees safety, so that truth can be spoken without coercion.

What is the narrative situation?

Dadhimukha arrives distressed and falls at Lakṣmaṇa’s feet; Lakṣmaṇa raises him and asks for a full report, offering protection.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Lakṣmaṇa’s righteous authority and compassion—he ensures security and invites truthful disclosure.