Shloka 12

सप्तपञ्चाशः सर्गः

Hanumān’s Return, Roar of Success, and the Announcement “Sītā Seen”

Devanagari script

प्रवरान्राक्षसान् हत्वा नाम विश्राव्य चात्मनः।।5.57.11।।आकुलां नगरीं कृत्वा व्यथयित्वा च रावणम्।अर्दयित्वा बलं घोरं वैदेहीमभिवाद्य च।।5.57.12।।आजगाम महातेजाः पुनर्मध्येन सागरम्।

Transliteration

pravarān rākṣasān hatvā nāma viśrāvya cātmanaḥ || (5.57.11) ākulāṁ nagarīṁ kṛtvā vyathayitvā ca rāvaṇam | ardayitvā balaṁ ghōraṁ vaidēhīm abhivādya ca || (5.57.12) ājagāma mahātējāḥ punar madhyēna sāgaram ||

Translation

他诛杀上等罗刹，使自身名声传扬；又令城郭纷乱，摧毁罗波那可怖之军而令其忧苦。光辉炽盛的哈奴曼向毗提希恭敬礼拜，复又从大海中央前行。

Word by Word

• parvatendram: lord of mountains
• parvatendram: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: parvata-indra (प्रातिपदिक: parvata + indra)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa: “parvatānām indraḥ”

• sunābham: Sunābha (name/epithet)
• sunābham: Karma (कर्म) [qualifier]
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sunābha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; viśeṣaṇa of parvatendram

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; conjunction

• samupaspṛśya: having touched
• samupaspṛśya: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण; prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-upa-spṛś (धातु) + lyap (ल्यप्)
• Form: Gerund (ल्यबन्त); “having touched/approached and touched”

• vīryavān: the valiant one
• vīryavān: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vīrya-vat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; possessive adjective used substantively

• jyāmuktaḥ: released from the bowstring
• jyāmuktaḥ: Upamāna (Standard of comparison/उपमान)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: jyā-mukta (प्रातिपदिक: jyā + mukta)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: “jyāyāḥ muktaḥ” (released from the bowstring)

• iva: like, as
• iva: Upamā-dyotaka (उपमा-द्योतक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; upamā-vācaka (simile particle/उपमा-बोधक)

• nārācaḥ: an arrow
• nārācaḥ: Upamāna (उपमान) / Karta (metaphoric subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nārāca (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana

• mahāvegaḥ: of great speed
• mahāvegaḥ: Karta (कर्ता) [qualifier]
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahā-vega (प्रातिपदik: mahā + vega)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; viśeṣaṇa of (implicit) Hanumān / nārācaḥ in simile

• abhyupāgataḥ: arrived, came near
• abhyupāgataḥ: Kriyā (finite sense via participle/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: abhi-upa-ā-gam (धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त/कर्मणि कृदन्त), Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; intransitive sense “arrived/approached”

Context

The glorious Hanuman, having killed eminent ogres and thereby making himself widely known, having caused havoc to the city of Lanka and terrific sorrow to Ravana by tormenting the army, offered salutations to Vaidehi from midocean and continued his journey.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Rākṣasas
• Rāvaṇa
• Vaidehī (Sītā)
• Sāgara (ocean)
• Laṅkā (implied)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Accountable strength: righteous force is paired with reverence and return-to-duty—Hanumān does not linger in pride but moves back to complete truthful reporting.

What is the narrative situation?

A Southern Recension presentation that repeats the same action-summary: Hanumān’s deeds in Laṅkā and his renewed crossing of the ocean.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Self-control (dama): even after victory, he remains mission-oriented and respectful.