Shloka 8

सम्पातिवृत्तान्तः

Sampāti’s Account and the Sage Niśākara

Devanagari script

आसीच्चात्राश्रमं पुण्यं सुरैरपि सुपूजितम्।ऋषिर्निशाकरो नाम यस्मिन्नुग्रतपाभवत्।।4.60.8।।

Transliteration

āsīc cātrāśramaṃ puṇyaṃ surair api supūjitam | ṛṣir niśākaro nāma yasminn ugratapā abhavat || 4.60.8 ||

Translation

在此近旁有一处清净圣洁的修行林苑，连诸天神亦敬奉。其间住着名为尼沙迦罗的圣仙，行持严峻苦行。

Word by Word

• āsīt: was/existed
• āsīt: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √as (अस् धातु)
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), conjunction

• atra: here/there
• atra: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atra (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), adverb of place (देश-क्रियाविशेषण)

• āśramam: hermitage
• āśramam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āśrama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• puṇyam: sacred
• puṇyam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: puṇya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); adjective qualifying āśramam

• suraiḥ: by the gods
• suraiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sura (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• api: even/also
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), particle (निपात) meaning 'also/even'

• su-pūjitam: well revered/worshipped
• su-pūjitam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: su (अव्यय-उपसर्गवत्) + √pūj (पूज् धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); 'well-worshipped'; agrees with āśramam

• ṛṣiḥ: sage
• ṛṣiḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ṛṣi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• niśākaraḥ: Niśākara
• niśākaraḥ: Apposition (समानाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: niśākara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); proper name

• nāma: by name
• nāma: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nāma (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), particle indicating name (नाम-निपात)

• yasmin: in which
• yasmin: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter/Masculine (नपुं/पुं), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); relative pronoun referring to āśrama

• ugratapāḥ: of severe austerities
• ugratapāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ugra (प्रातिपदिक) + tapas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); karmadhāraya: 'one whose austerity is fierce'

• abhavat: was/became (lived)
• abhavat: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √bhū (भू धातु)
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

Context

'There was a hermitage nearby, where a revered sage, who was even worshpped by gods lived. His name was Nishakara. He did rigorous penance here.

Characters & Entities

• Sampāti
• Niśākara (sage)
• Āśrama (hermitage)
• Gods (Sura)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Honor given to tapas and sacred life is dharma; the verse portrays the moral authority of ascetic discipline recognized even by divine beings.

What is the narrative situation?

Sampāti introduces the nearby hermitage and the sage Niśākara, establishing the setting for his later interactions and timeline.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Reverence for spiritual discipline and recognition of holiness (puṇyatā) in persons and places.