Shloka 12

वानरसेनानिर्गमनम्

Dispatch of the Vanara Search Parties

Devanagari script

अहमेको हनिष्यामि रावणं प्राप्तमाहवे।ततश्चोन्मथ्य सहसा हरिष्ये जनकात्मजाम्।।4.45.12।।

Transliteration

aham eko haniṣyāmi rāvaṇaṃ prāptam āhave |

tataś conmathya sahasā hariṣye janakātmajām ||4.45.12||

Translation

“唯我一人，待罗波那临阵与我相遇，必将其斩杀；随后我将迅疾摧散其众，带回阇那迦之女。”

Word by Word

• aham: I
• aham: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (अस्मद्-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (pronoun), प्रथमा, एकवचन

• ekaḥ: alone
• ekaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: eka (एक-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (of 'aham')

• haniṣyāmi: I will kill
• haniṣyāmi: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √han (हन्-धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future), उत्तमपुरुष (1st), एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• rāvaṇam: Ravana
• rāvaṇam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāvaṇa (रावण-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• prāptam: encountered, met
• prāptam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pra + √āp (आप्-धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त, क्त-प्रत्यय (PPP used adjectivally), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; 'having come/encountered' (qualifies rāvaṇam)

• āhave: in battle
• āhave: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āhava (आहव-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Loc. 7), एकवचन

• tataḥ: then
• tataḥ: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय, अनन्तरार्थक (thereafter)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चयबोधक

• unmathya: having uprooted/dragged out
• unmathya: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ud + √math (मथ्-धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive), 'having uprooted/violently pulled out'

• sahasā: suddenly, at once
• sahasā: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sahasā (सहसा-अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, शीघ्रार्थक/आकस्मिकार्थक (adverb: suddenly/at once)

• hariṣye: I will carry off/bring
• hariṣye: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √hṛ (हृ-धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future), उत्तमपुरुष (1st), एकवचन, आत्मनेपद

• janaka-ātmajām: Janaka's daughter (Sita)
• janaka-ātmajām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: janaka (जनक-प्रातिपदिक) + ātmajā (आत्मजा-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: 'Janaka's daughter'), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

Context

'I shall kill Ravana singlehanded in war and quickly get back Janaka's daughter churning (the enemy army).' (said one)

Characters & Entities

• Ravana
• Janakatmaja (Sita)
• Sugriva

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Readiness to uphold righteous duty by confronting adharma (Rāvaṇa) and restoring the wronged (Sītā), expressing commitment to a just cause.

What is the narrative situation?

In Sugrīva’s court, vanara leaders volunteer for the search-and-rescue mission and boast of their strength and readiness to defeat Rāvaṇa and recover Sītā.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Vīrya (valor) and utsāha (initiative), shown as confident willingness to act decisively for Rāma’s objective.