Shloka 17

लक्ष्मणक्रोधः सुग्रीवप्रबोधनं च

Lakshmana’s Wrath and the Summoning of Sugriva

Devanagari script

रोषात्प्रस्फुरमाणोष्ठ स्सुग्रीवं प्रति लक्ष्मणः।ददर्श वानरान्भीमाकनिष्किन्धाया बहिश्चरान्।।

Transliteration

roṣāt prasphuramāṇoṣṭhaḥ sugrīvaṃ prati lakṣmaṇaḥ |

dadarśa vānarān bhīmān kiṣkindhāyā bahiścarān ||

Translation

罗什曼那因怒而唇颤，心念转向苏格利瓦；他看见奇什金达城外巡守的可怖猴兵。

Word by Word

• रोषात्: from anger
• रोषात्: हेतु (Hetu; cause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रोष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी विभक्ति (Ablative/5th), एकवचन; हेत्वर्थे (cause)

• प्रस्फुरमाणोष्ठः: with trembling lips
• प्रस्फुरमाणोष्ठः: कर्ता-विशेषण (qualifier of Lakṣmaṇa)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रस्फुरमाण (स्फुर् धातु, शानच्) + ओष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहिः (one whose lips are trembling)

• सुग्रीवम्: Sugriva
• सुग्रीवम्: कर्म (Karma; object with prati)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुग्रीव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• प्रति: towards
• प्रति: सम्प्रदान/दिशा (direction toward)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रति (अव्यय)
• Form: उपसर्ग/अव्यय (preposition-like indeclinable governing accusative)

• लक्ष्मणः: Lakshmana
• लक्ष्मणः: कर्ता (Kartā; subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लक्ष्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• ददर्श: saw
• ददर्श: क्रिया (Kriyā)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• वानरान्: monkeys
• वानरान्: कर्म (Karma; object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वानर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• भीमान्: terrible
• भीमान्: कर्म-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भीम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; विशेषणम्

• किष्किन्धायाः: of Kiṣkindhā
• किष्किन्धायाः: सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: किष्किन्धा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• बहिश्चरान्: outer guards
• बहिश्चरान्: कर्म (Karma; object apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बहिस् (अव्यय/उपसर्गवत्) + चर (प्रातिपदिक; चर् धातु)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; 'outside-moving' = outer guards

Context

His lips trembling in anger, Lakshmana saw fierceful monkey guards of Sugriva at the entrance of Kishkinda city.

Characters & Entities

• Lakṣmaṇa
• Sugrīva
• Kiṣkindhā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse highlights the moral tension between righteous indignation and restraint: anger may arise for the sake of truth (satya) and duty, but it must be governed so it does not become adharma.

What is the narrative situation?

At Kiṣkindhā’s entrance, Lakṣmaṇa encounters the outer guards while preparing to confront Sugrīva.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Moral seriousness: Lakṣmaṇa’s anger is rooted in commitment to Rāma’s cause and to the enforcement of a promise.