Shloka 50

शरत्प्रवेशे रामविलापः तथा सुग्रीवप्रमादे लक्ष्मणप्रेषणम्

Autumn’s Onset: Rama’s Lament and Lakshmana Sent to Sugriva

Devanagari script

वेणुस्वनव्यञ्जिततूर्यमिश्रःप्रत्यूषकालानिलसम्प्रवृद्धः।सम्मूर्छितो गर्गरगोवृषाणामन्योन्यमापूरयतीव शब्दः।।

Transliteration

veṇusvanavyañjitatūryamiśraḥ pratyūṣakālānilasampravṛddhaḥ |

sammūrchito gargaragovṛṣāṇām anyonyam āpūrayatīva śabdaḥ ||

Translation

拂晓时分，那声音——夹杂着竹管般的乐音，又被晨风助长——愈发高涨回荡，仿佛洞中群牛的低吼彼此应和、相互充满。

Word by Word

• वेणु-स्वन-व्यञ्जित-तूर्य-मिश्रः: mixed with instruments made distinct by bamboo-notes
• वेणु-स्वन-व्यञ्जित-तूर्य-मिश्रः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वेणु (प्रातिपदिक) + स्वन (प्रातिपदिक) + व्यञ्जित (कृदन्त) + तूर्य (प्रातिपदिक) + मिश्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुषसमासः—‘वेणुस्वनेन व्यञ्जितैः तूर्यैः मिश्रः’

• प्रत्यूष-काल-अनिल-सम्प्रवृद्धः: increased by the dawn-time wind
• प्रत्यूष-काल-अनिल-सम्प्रवृद्धः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रत्यूष (प्रातिपदिक) + काल (प्रातिपदिक) + अनिल (प्रातिपदिक) + सम्प्रवृद्ध (कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः—‘प्रत्यूषकाले अनिलेन सम्प्रवृद्धः’

• सम्मूर्छितः: blended, swelling
• सम्मूर्छितः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम्-मूर्छ् (मूर्छ् धातु) (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘blended/overwhelming’

• गर्गर-गो-वृषाणाम्: of the bulls (in the caves)
• गर्गर-गो-वृषाणाम्: Shashthi-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गर्गर (प्रातिपदिक) + गो (प्रातिपदिक) + वृष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः—‘गर्गरे (गुहायाम्) गोवृषाः’ (bulls in caves)

• अन्योन्यम्: mutually, one another
• अन्योन्यम्: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अन्योन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाववत् प्रयोगः; क्रियाविशेषण (reciprocal adverb)

• आपूरयति: fills
• आपूरयति: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-पॄ (पॄ धातु)
• Form: लट् (वर्तमान), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्

• इव: as if
• इव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/उपमा)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमा-अव्यय

• शब्दः: sound/roar
• शब्दः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शब्द (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन

Context

'The whistling of bamboos enhanced by the wind in the early morning, and the bellowing of bulls echoing in the caves supplement each other as it were.

Characters & Entities

• veṇu (bamboo)
• anila (wind)
• caves (implied)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It suggests attunement and right response: sounds ‘answer’ each other in harmony. Dharma in human life similarly requires listening, responding appropriately, and maintaining concord rather than discord.

What is the narrative situation?

The dawn atmosphere in autumn is depicted through natural sounds, deepening the setting around Rama’s waiting and reflection.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Saṃvāda (harmonious responsiveness): the ability to act in fitting relation to others and to circumstance.