Shloka 5

शरत्प्रवेशे रामविलापः तथा सुग्रीवप्रमादे लक्ष्मणप्रेषणम्

Autumn’s Onset: Rama’s Lament and Lakshmana Sent to Sugriva

Devanagari script

आसीनः पर्वतस्याग्रे हेमधातुविभूषिते।शारदं गगनं दृष्ट्वा जगाम मनसा प्रियाम्।।

Transliteration

āsīnaḥ parvatasyāgre hemadhātuvibhūṣite |

śāradaṃ gaganaṃ dṛṣṭvā jagāma manasā priyām ||

Translation

罗摩端坐在饰以金辉与矿石的山巅，望见澄澈的秋空，心神便飞向他所挚爱的佳人。

Word by Word

• sārasārāvasannādaiḥ: with the sweet calls of sarasa cranes
• sārasārāvasannādaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण) / Hetu nuance
• Type: Noun
• Root: sārasa (प्रातिपदिक) + rava (प्रातिपदिक) + sannāda (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘sārasānāṃ rava-sannādaiḥ’; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (तृतीया) Plural (बहुवचन)

• sārasāravanādinī: whose voice sounds like sarasa-cries
• sārasāravanādinī: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sārasa (प्रातिपदिक) + rava (प्रातिपदिक) + nādinī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘sārasānāṃ ravaṃ nādayati’; Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Singular (एकवचन), adjective qualifying yā/bālā

• yā: who
• yā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma (सर्वनाम), Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Singular (एकवचन)

• āśrame: in the hermitage
• āśrame: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āśrama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी) Singular (एकवचन)

• ramate: enjoys/delights
• ramate: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ram (रम् धातु)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra (लट्, present), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष) Singular (एकवचन)

• bālā: the young girl
• bālā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bālā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Singular (एकवचन); in apposition to yā

• sā: she
• sā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma (सर्वनाम), Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Singular (एकवचन)

• adya: today/now
• adya: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: adya (अव्यय)
• Form: Kāla-avyaya (काल-अव्यय), adverb of time

• me: my
• me: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma (सर्वनाम), Genitive (षष्ठी) Singular (एकवचन) (enclitic)

• ramate: enjoys/delights
• ramate: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ram (रम् धातु)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra (लट्, present), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष) Singular (एकवचन)

• katham: how?
• katham: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: katham (अव्यय)
• Form: Praśna-avyaya (प्रश्न-अव्यय), interrogative adverb

Context

Sitting on top of the mountain shining with gold and minerals, Rama gazed at the pleasant autumnal sky and started thinking of his beloved.

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• Sita (implied as priyā)
• parvata (mountain)
• gagana (sky)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Fidelity and steadfast love: Rama’s mind remains anchored in Sita. Dharma here is unwavering commitment (satya to one’s vows and relationships) even amid hardship.

What is the narrative situation?

During the Kishkindha period, Rama observes autumn and is overcome by remembrance of Sita, intensifying the emotional ground for subsequent action.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Eka-patnī-vrata (single-minded marital faithfulness) and constancy in love.