Shloka 56

वर्षावर्णनम्

The Monsoon Description and Rama’s Counsel on Timing

Devanagari script

नूनमापूर्यमाणायास्सर्वव्या वर्धते रयः।मां समीक्ष्य समायान्तमयोध्याया इव स्वनः।।

Transliteration

nūnam āpūryamāṇāyāḥ saravyā vardhate rayaḥ | māṃ samīkṣya samāyāntam ayodhyāyā iva svanaḥ ||

Translation

想必娑罗瑜河因雨水充盈而奔流更疾——正如阿踰陀的欢呼在见我归来时愈发高涨。

Word by Word

• नूनम्: surely
• नूनम्: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नूनम् (अव्यय)
• Form: निश्चयार्थक-अव्यय

• आपूर्यमाणायाः: of (the river) being filled
• आपूर्यमाणायाः: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आ + पूर् (पूर् धातु) + यमान (कर्मणि वर्तमान कृदन्त)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; कर्मणि वर्तमान कृदन्त (being filled)

• सर्वव्याः: of the Sarayū (Saravyā)
• सर्वव्याः: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सरव्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• वर्धते: increases
• वर्धते: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृध् (वृध् धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• रयः: speed, rush
• रयः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रयि/रय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• माम्: me
• माम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• समीक्ष्य: having seen
• समीक्ष्य: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम् + ईक्ष् (ईक्ष् धातु) + ल्यप् (अव्ययीभाव/क्त्वान्त)
• Form: क्त्वान्त/ल्यपन्त अव्यय (gerund): ‘having seen’

• समायान्तम्: approaching
• समायान्तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम् + आ + या (या धातु) + शतृ (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त; ‘approaching’

• अयोध्यायाः: of Ayodhyā
• अयोध्यायाः: Upamāna-ṣaṣṭhī (उपमान-षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अयोध्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• इव: like
• इव: Upamā-dyotaka (उपमा-द्योतक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमा-वाचक-अव्यय

• स्वनः: sound, roar, cheer
• स्वनः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Context

'Just as the cheerful voices of people of Ayodhya rise as soon as they see me returning, certainly the speed of river Sarayu is rising, filled with rain water.

Characters & Entities

• Sarayū
• Ayodhyā
• Rāma (implicit)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is fidelity to rightful belonging: the image of return evokes the moral order of king and city, where truth (satya) and rightful rule restore harmony.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma uses the monsoon-swollen Sarayū as a comparison to the imagined acclaim of Ayodhyā upon his return.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Hope anchored in legitimacy: Rāma’s longing is tied to rightful duty, not mere personal desire.