Shloka 55

वर्षावर्णनम्

The Monsoon Description and Rama’s Counsel on Timing

Devanagari script

निवृत्तकर्मायतनो नूनं सञ्चितसञ्चयः।आषाढीमभ्युपगतो भरतः कोसलाधिपः।।

Transliteration

nivṛtta-karmāyatano nūnaṃ sañcita-sañcayaḥ | āṣāḍhīm abhyupagato bharataḥ kosalādhipaḥ ||

Translation

想必拘萨罗之主婆罗多已了结应尽之事，积聚所需之资，如今已至阿沙荼月。

Word by Word

• निवृत्तकर्मायतनः: having completed his duties
• निवृत्तकर्मायतनः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निवृत्त + कर्म + आयतन (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहिः—निवृत्तं कर्म यस्य आयतनं/आश्रयः (whose sphere of action has ceased; i.e., having finished duties)

• नूनम्: surely
• नूनम्: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नूनम् (अव्यय)
• Form: निश्चयार्थक-अव्यय (particle of certainty)

• सञ्चितसञ्चयः: having gathered provisions/collections
• सञ्चितसञ्चयः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सञ्चित + सञ्चय (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘सञ्चित’ (सम्+चि, क्त) + ‘सञ्चय’ (collection)

• आषाढीम्: Āṣāḍhī (the Āṣāḍha season/month)
• आषाढीम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आषाढी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन; कालवाचक (time-period/month)

• अभ्युपगतः: has reached/entered
• अभ्युपगतः: Karta-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्ता-समानाधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अभि + उप + गम् (गम् धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त

• भरतः: Bharata
• भरतः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भरत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• कोसलाधिपः: king of Kosala
• कोसलाधिपः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कोसल + अधिप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः—कोसलस्य अधिपः (lord of Kosala)

Context

'Surely Bharata, king of Kosala, would have completed the collection of all his requirement before the commencement of the month of Asarh.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Kosala

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma of responsible governance: a ruler prepares, completes obligations, and secures necessities in due season—truthful steadiness rather than impulsive action.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma reflects on the calendar and imagines Bharata’s orderly conduct back in Ayodhyā/Kosala while he himself remains in exile.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Bharata’s conscientiousness and preparedness—qualities of righteous rulership (rājadharma).