Shloka 40

वर्षावर्णनम्

The Monsoon Description and Rama’s Counsel on Timing

Devanagari script

नीलेषु नीला: प्रविभान्ति सक्ताःमेघेषु मेघा नववारिपूर्णाः।दवाग्निदग्धेषु दवाग्निदग्धाश्शैलेषु शैला इव बद्धमूलाः।।

Transliteration

nīleṣu nīlāḥ pravibhānti saktā meghēṣu meghā navavāripūrṇāḥ |

davāgnidagdheṣu davāgnidagdhāḥ śaileṣu śailā iva baddhamūlāḥ ||

Translation

在青黛的山侧，满载新雨之水的乌云紧贴其上而闪耀——宛如被林火熏灼的岩块，却仍牢牢扎根于群山。

Word by Word

• नीलेषु: in the dark (ones/places)
• नीलेषु: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नील (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (अधिकरण/Locative), बहुवचन; context: in dark (masses/places)

• नीलाः: dark (ones)
• नीलाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नील (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• प्रविभान्ति: shine forth
• प्रविभान्ति: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + भा (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार, परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन

• सक्ताः: attached/leaning
• सक्ताः: Karta-anvayi (कर्तृविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सञ्ज्/सक् (धातु) → सक्त (कृदन्त, क्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; agrees with नीलाः

• मेघेषु: in clouds
• मेघेषु: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मेघ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचन

• मेघाः: clouds
• मेघाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मेघ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• नववारिपूर्णाः: filled with fresh water
• नववारिपूर्णाः: Karta-anvayi (कर्तृविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नव (प्रातिपदिक) + वारि (प्रातिपदिक) + पूर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; agrees with मेघाः

• दवाग्निदग्धेषु: among those burnt by forest-fire
• दवाग्निदग्धेषु: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दवाग्नि (प्रातिपदिक; दव + अग्नि) + दग्ध (कृदन्त, क्त)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास; सप्तमी, बहुवचन; locus: among things burnt by forest-fire

• दवाग्निदग्धाः: burnt by forest-fire
• दवाग्निदग्धाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दवाग्नि (प्रातिपदिक) + दग्ध (कृदन्त, क्त)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• शैलेषु: on mountains
• शैलेषु: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शैल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचन

• शैलाः: mountains
• शैलाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शैल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• इव: like/as if
• इव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमा-अव्यय (particle of comparison)

• बद्धमूलाः: with roots bound/firmly rooted
• बद्धमूलाः: Karta-anvayi (कर्तृविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बद्ध (कृदन्त, क्त; from बन्ध् धातु) + मूल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; agrees with शैलाः

Context

'Dark clouds filled with fresh water, leaning on dark clouds appear like boulders of rock, scorched with wild fire with their bases yet firmly rooted shining.

Characters & Entities

• clouds
• mountains

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is steadiness under stress: like fire-scorched rocks still rooted, one should remain grounded in truth and duty even when circumstances are harsh.

What is the narrative situation?

Rama describes the visual drama of monsoon clouds resting on mountain slopes, using wildfire-scorched rock as a comparison.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Fortitude: the imagery echoes Rama’s own rootedness in dharma despite suffering and uncertainty.