Shloka 41

वर्षावर्णनम्

The Monsoon Description and Rama’s Counsel on Timing

Devanagari script

प्रहृष्टसन्नादितबर्हिणानिसशक्रगोपाकुलशाद्वलानि।चरन्ति नीपार्जुनवासितानिगजास्सुरम्याणि वनान्तराणि।।

Transliteration

prahṛṣṭasannāditabarhiṇāni saśakragopākulaśādvalāni |

caranti nīpārjunavāsitāni gajāḥ suramyāṇi vanāntarāṇi ||

Translation

群象游行于幽美的林间空地：孔雀欢鸣，嫩草间密布因陀罗瞿波虫，迦檀婆（尼波）与阿周那之花的芬芳弥漫四方。

Word by Word

• प्रहृष्टसन्नादितबर्हिणानि: where peacocks, delighted, are making loud calls
• प्रहृष्टसन्नादितबर्हिणानि: Karma-anvayi (कर्मविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रहृष्ट (कृदन्त, क्त; from हृष्) + सन्नादित (कृदन्त, क्त; from नद्/नाद् with सम्) + बर्हिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; agrees with वनान्तराणि

• सशक्रगोपाकुलशाद्वलानि: with grass-plots crowded with indragopa insects
• सशक्रगोपाकुलशाद्वलानि: Karma-anvayi (कर्मविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स (प्रातिपदिक ‘with’) + शक्रगोप (प्रातिपदिक) + आकुल (प्रातिपदिक) + शाद्वल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; agrees with वनान्तराणि

• चरन्ति: wander/roam
• चरन्ति: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: चर् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार, परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन

• नीपार्जुनवासितानि: fragrant with kadamba and arjuna (blossoms)
• नीपार्जुनवासितानि: Karma-anvayi (कर्मविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नीप (प्रातिपदिक) + अर्जुन (प्रातिपदिक) + वासित (कृदन्त, क्त; from वास् ‘to scent/perfume’)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; agrees with वनान्तराणि

• गजाः: elephants
• गजाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• सुरम्याणि: very delightful
• सुरम्याणि: Karma-anvayi (कर्मविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु + रम्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; agrees with वनान्तराणि

• वनान्तराणि: forest-regions
• वनान्तराणि: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वनान्तर (प्रातिपदिक; वन + अन्तर)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

Context

'Elephants roam the forestland inhabited by peacocks making noise out of joy, where the grassy land is filled with crawling Indragopa insects and the fragrance of kadamba and arjuna blossoms.

Characters & Entities

• elephants
• peacocks
• nīpa (kadamba)
• arjuna (tree/flower)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is coexistence: the forest thrives as many beings share space without violating the balance. The verse supports an ethic of non-harm and respectful dwelling within a larger community of life.

What is the narrative situation?

Rama continues the monsoon panorama, moving from sound and water to animals and fragrances in the forest.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Compassionate awareness: Rama’s attention extends beyond human concerns, reflecting a dharmic sensitivity to all beings.