Shloka 44

वालिनः और्ध्वदैहिकम्

Vali’s Funeral Rites and the Consolation of the Bereaved

Devanagari script

तवेष्टा ननु नामैता भार्याश्चन्द्रनिभाननाः।इदानीं नेक्षसे कस्तात्सुग्रीवं प्लवगेश्वरम्4.25.44।।

Transliteration

taveṣṭā nanu nāmaitā bhāryāś candranibhānanāḥ | idānīṃ nekṣase kasmāt sugrīvaṃ plavageśvaram || 4.25.44 ||

Translation

确实，这些面如满月的妻妾曾是你所爱。为何现在不看她们一眼？为何不看看猴王苏格里瓦？

Word by Word

• tava: your
• tava: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Genitive (षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)

• iṣṭāḥ: dear, beloved
• iṣṭāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: iṣṭa (कृदन्त; √iṣ्/√yaj् धातु)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); Past passive participle (क्त) used as adjective 'dear/liked'

• nanu: indeed, surely
• nanu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nanu (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle expressing emphasis/appeal (ननु-निपात)

• nāma: indeed, certainly
• nāma: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nāma (अव्यय)
• Form: Emphatic particle (निपात)

• etāḥ: these
• etāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

• bhāryāḥ: wives
• bhāryāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhāryā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

• candra-nibhānanāḥ: moon-faced
• candra-nibhānanāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: candra-nibha-ānana (समास; प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Karmadhāraya (कर्मधारय) compound: candra (moon) + nibha (like) + ānana (face); Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन) qualifying 'bhāryāḥ'

• idānīm: now
• idānīm: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: idānīm (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb of time (कालवाचक-अव्यय)

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Negation particle (निषेध-अव्यय)

• īkṣase: you see, look at
• īkṣase: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √īkṣ (धातु)
• Form: Present (लट्), 2nd person (मध्यमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद)

• kasmāt: from what reason? why?
• kasmāt: Hetu (हेतु/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Ablative (पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन); interrogative pronoun used adverbially

• sugrīvam: Sugrīva
• sugrīvam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sugrīva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• plavaga-īśvaram: lord of the monkeys
• plavaga-īśvaram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: plavaga-īśvara (समास; प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) compound: plavaga (monkey) + īśvara (lord); Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन) in apposition to 'sugrīvam'

Context

'O king of kings! why don't you understand that these female monkeys, your wives who were dear to you have come on foot this long distance with great difficulty?

Characters & Entities

• Tārā
• Vāli
• Sugrīva
• plavageśvara (lord of monkeys)
• wives (bhāryāḥ)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It stresses accountability in relationships: affection, rivalry, and rulership create obligations whose consequences remain even after death.

What is the narrative situation?

Tārā laments that Vāli cannot see those once dear to him, including Sugrīva, in this final moment.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Truthful remembrance—Tārā does not sanitize the past; she names relationships and their emotional realities.