Shloka 16

गङ्गावतरण-समापनः

Conclusion of the Descent of Gaṅgā

Devanagari script

इत्येवमुक्त्वा देवेश: सर्वलोकपितामह:।

यथाऽऽगतं तथाऽगच्छत् देवलोकं महायशा:।।1.44.16।।

Transliteration

ity evam uktvā deveśaḥ sarvalokapitāmahaḥ | yathāgatam tathāgacchat devalokaṃ mahāyaśāḥ || 1.44.16 ||

Translation

说罢，诸神之主、万界之祖父、威名赫赫者，便循其来时之路，返回天界诸神之境。

Word by Word

• इति: thus
• इति: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: उद्धरण/समाप्ति-अव्यय (quotative particle)

• एवम्: in this way
• एवम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम् (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकार-अव्यय (adverb: in this manner)

• उक्त्वा: having said
• उक्त्वा: Purvakala (पूर्वकाल/absolutive)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वच् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्यय (absolutive/ल्यबन्त), 'having spoken'

• देवेशः: lord of the gods
• देवेशः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवेश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समास: देवानाम् ईशः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)

• सर्व-लोक-पितामहः: grandsire of all worlds
• सर्व-लोक-पितामहः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व + लोक + पितामह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समास: सर्वेषां लोकानां पितामहः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)

• यथा: as
• यथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमान/प्रकार-अव्यय (adverb: as)

• आगतम्: (as) come
• आगतम्: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + √गम् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्यय (past participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषण-भावे (accusative of manner: 'as (he) had come')

• तथा: so
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकार-अव्यय (adverb: so/in that way)

• अगच्छत्: went/returned
• अगच्छत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √गम् (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• देवलोकम्: to heaven
• देवलोकम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवलोक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समास: देवानां लोकः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)

• महायशाः: the greatly renowned one
• महायशाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महायशस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समास: महत् यशः यस्य (कर्मधारय/बहुव्रीहि-भाव; adjectival)

Context

"The Grandsire of all the worlds, highly renowned lord of the gods, having Said this, returned to heaven the way he had come.

Characters & Entities

• Brahmā
• Devaloka

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is affirmed by divine sanction: righteous effort receives recognition, and the cosmic order is shown as responsive to moral action.

What is the narrative situation?

The narrator concludes Brahmā’s appearance: after blessing and instructing Bhagiratha, Brahmā returns to Devaloka.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Legitimacy through dharma: Bhagiratha’s deed is implicitly validated as righteous by Brahmā’s acknowledgment.