HomeRamayanaBala KandaSarga 4Shloka 10
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Shloka 10

कुशिलवगानप्रशंसा

The Commissioning and Public Performance of the Rāmāyaṇa

पाठ्ये गेये च मधुरं प्रमाणैस्त्रिभिरन्वितम्।जातिभिस्सप्तभिर्बद्धं तन्त्रीलयसमन्वितम्।।1.4.8।। रसैश्शृङ्गारकारुण्यहास्यवीरभयानकै:।रौद्रादिभिश्च संयुक्तं काव्यमेतदगायताम्।।1.4.9।। तौ तु गान्धर्वतत्त्वज्ञौ मूर्छनास्थानकोविदौ।भ्रातरौ स्वरसम्पन्नौ गन्धर्वाविव रूपिणौ।।1.4.10।। रूपलक्षणसम्पन्नौ मधुरस्वरभाषिणौ।बिम्बादिवोद्धृतौ बिम्बौ रामदेहात्तथाऽपरौ।।1.4.11।।

tau tu gāndharvatattvajñau mūrchanāsthānakovidau | bhrātarau svarasampannau gandharvāv iva rūpiṇau || 1.4.10 ||

那两位兄弟通晓乾闼婆乐理,精于旋律法与音位,嗓音圆满清妙,宛如化身为人的乾闼婆。

tauthose two
tau:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, द्विवचन
tuindeed
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formअन्वय-अव्यय (particle)
gāndharva-tattva-jñauknowers of musical theory
gāndharva-tattva-jñau:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootgāndharva + tattva + jña (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुष (knowers of the principles of gāndharva/music)
mūrchanā-sthāna-kovidauskilled in melody and pitch
mūrchanā-sthāna-kovidau:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmūrchanā + sthāna + kovida (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; तत्पुरुष (skilled in melodic modes and pitch-positions)
bhrātarautwo brothers
bhrātarau:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbhrātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन
svara-sampannauendowed with (good) voice
svara-sampannau:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsvara + sampanna (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; भूतकृदन्त (PPP) ‘endowed’; तत्पुरुष (endowed with voice/notes)
gandharvau(like) two Gandharvas
gandharvau:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootgandharva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन
ivalike/as
iva:
Upamāna-marker (उपमान-सूचक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
Formउपमा-अव्यय (comparative particle)
rūpiṇauhaving (such) form
rūpiṇau:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootrūpin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन
rūpa-lakṣaṇa-sampannauendowed with beauty and features
rūpa-lakṣaṇa-sampannau:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootrūpa + lakṣaṇa + sampanna (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; भूतकृदन्त (PPP) ‘endowed’; तत्पुरुष (endowed with form and marks/features)
madhura-svara-bhāṣiṇauspeaking in a sweet tone
madhura-svara-bhāṣiṇau:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmadhura + svara + bhāṣin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; तत्पुरुष (speaking with sweet voice/tone)
bimbātfrom the original image
bimbāt:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootbimba (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative/अपादान), एकवचन
ivaas if/like
iva:
Upamāna-marker (उपमान-सूचक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
Formउपमा-अव्यय
uddhṛtaudrawn out/extracted
uddhṛtau:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootud + √hṛ (धातु) → uddhṛta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formभूतकृदन्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; ‘drawn out/extracted’
bimbautwo images
bimbau:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbimba (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन
rāma-dehātfrom Rama's body
rāma-dehāt:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootrāma + deha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative/अपादान), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (from Rama's body)
tathāthus/also
tathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
Formरीति/समुच्चय-अव्यय (thus/so/also)
aparauother (two)
aparau:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootapara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन

The twin brothers Kusa and Lava, endowed with a melodious voice, possessed auspicious form and beauty. They were gandharvas in human form. They looked like the two reflected images of Rama. The contents of this epic, apart from being memorable are sweet and suitable for verbal recitation as well as singing. This charming and attractive kavya is fit to be adapted to the three measures of time and to stringed instruments. It possesses seven notes together with various moodsamorous, compassionate, humorous, heroic, fearful and also violent.

K
Kūśa
L
Lava
G
Gandharvas
G
gāndharva (music tradition)

FAQs

Dharma is supported by disciplined learning and faithful transmission: sacred history is preserved not only by meaning but by precise, trained recitation that keeps the tradition intact.

Kūśa and Lava are introduced as exceptionally trained performers, capable of presenting the Rāmāyaṇa as both recitation and refined musical chanting.

Śikṣā and abhyāsa (training and practice): mastery gained through study, discipline, and respect for tradition.