HomeRamayanaBala KandaSarga 4Shloka 11

Shloka 11

पाठ्ये गेये च मधुरं प्रमाणैस्त्रिभिरन्वितम्।जातिभिस्सप्तभिर्बद्धं तन्त्रीलयसमन्वितम्।।1.4.8।। रसैश्शृङ्गारकारुण्यहास्यवीरभयानकै:।रौद्रादिभिश्च संयुक्तं काव्यमेतदगायताम्।।1.4.9।। तौ तु गान्धर्वतत्त्वज्ञौ मूर्छनास्थानकोविदौ।भ्रातरौ स्वरसम्पन्नौ गन्धर्वाविव रूपिणौ।।1.4.10।। रूपलक्षणसम्पन्नौ मधुरस्वरभाषिणौ।बिम्बादिवोद्धृतौ बिम्बौ रामदेहात्तथाऽपरौ।।1.4.11।।

rūpalakṣaṇasampannau madhurasvarabhāṣiṇau | bimbād ivoddhṛtau bimbau rāmadehāt tathā 'parau || 1.4.11 ||

他们具足端严之相与吉祥之征,言语柔甜;宛如从本体摹出的两幅圣像,又似从罗摩身上分出的两道光影。

tauthose two
tau:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन
rāja-putrautwo princes
rāja-putrau:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrājan + putra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (sons of the king)
kārtsnyenacompletely/in entirety
kārtsnyena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootkārtsnya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/करण), एकवचन
dharmyamrighteous/dharma-based
dharmyam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdharmya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; आख्यानस्य विशेषणम्
ākhyānamnarrative/epic
ākhyānam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootākhyāna (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन
uttamamexcellent/supreme
uttamam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootuttama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; आख्यानस्य विशेषणम्
vācaḥof speech/words
vācaḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootvāc (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन
vidheyamto be committed (to memory)/made fit for recitation
vidheyam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootvidheya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘to be arranged/committed’; तत्सर्वम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्
tatthat
tat:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
sarvamall (of it)
sarvam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
kṛtvāhaving made
kṛtvā:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√kṛ (धातु) → kṛtvā (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय)
Formअव्ययभाव-क्त्वान्त (gerund): having made/done
kāvyampoem/epic
kāvyam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkāvya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
aninditaublameless
aninditau:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootanindita (प्रातिपदिक)
Formभूतकृदन्त (PPP from √nind with negation a-), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन
ṛṣīṇāmof sages
ṛṣīṇām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootṛṣi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/सम्बन्ध), बहुवचन
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय
dvijātīnāmof the twice-born (brahmins)
dvijātīnām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootdvijāti (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
sādhūnāmof the virtuous
sādhūnām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootsādhu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय
samāgamein the assembly/meeting
samāgame:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootsamāgama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन
yathā-upadeśamas instructed
yathā-upadeśam:
Prakāra (प्रकार/ manner)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā (अव्यय) + upadeśa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययीभाव-समास; अव्ययत्व (indeclinable adverb): according to instruction
tattva-jñauknowing the truth/principles
tattva-jñau:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottattva + jña (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; तत्पुरुष (knowers of truth/principles)
jagatuḥthey two sang/recited
jagatuḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√gai (धातु; गा)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, द्विवचन
su-samāhitauwell-concentrated
su-samāhitau:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsu (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + samāhita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; कर्मधारय (well-composed/fully concentrated)

The twin brothers Kusa and Lava, endowed with a melodious voice, possessed auspicious form and beauty. They were gandharvas in human form. They looked like the two reflected images of Rama. The contents of this epic, apart from being memorable are sweet and suitable for verbal recitation as well as singing. This charming and attractive kavya is fit to be adapted to the three measures of time and to stringed instruments. It possesses seven notes together with various moodsamorous, compassionate, humorous, heroic, fearful and also violent.

K
Kūśa
L
Lava
R
Rāma

FAQs

Dharma is portrayed as continuity of righteous lineage and ideals—virtue and noble conduct are sustained through progeny who embody and transmit the same values.

The text poetically emphasizes that Kūśa and Lava resemble Rāma closely in appearance and manner, preparing the audience to accept them as authentic reciters of his story.

Saumya-vāk (gentle, sweet speech) and auspicious presence—traits aligned with ethical refinement and cultured conduct.