Shloka 3

पुत्रजन्मोत्सवः — Birth of the Princes and Viśvāmitra’s Arrival

Bālakāṇḍa 18

Devanagari script

यथार्हं पूजितास्तेन राज्ञा वै पृथिवीश्वरा:।मुदिता: प्रययुर्देशान्प्रणम्य मुनिपुङ्गवम्।।।।

Transliteration

yathārhaṁ pūjitās tena rājñā vai pṛthivīśvarāḥ |

muditāḥ prayayuḥ deśān praṇamya munipuṅgavam ||

Translation

诸地之主既蒙国王依礼敬奉，皆心怀欢喜，礼拜最上仙贤（婆悉吒）后，各自返回本国。

Word by Word

• यथार्हम्: duly / as appropriate
• यथार्हम्: Kriya-vishesana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा-अर्ह (अव्ययीभाव-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समासः; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb): 'as is proper'

• पूजिताः: having been honored
• पूजिताः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: पूजित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √पूज्)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; कर्मणि/भावे (having been honored)

• तेन: by him
• तेन: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), एकवचन

• राज्ञा: by the king
• राज्ञा: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), एकवचन

• वै: indeed
• वै: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै (अव्यय)
• Form: निश्चयार्थक-अव्यय (emphatic particle)

• पृथिवीश्वराः: kings (lords of the earth)
• पृथिवीश्वराः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृथिवी-ईश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (पृथिव्याः ईश्वराः)

• मुदिताः: pleased
• मुदिताः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मुदित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √मुद्)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषण

• प्रययुः: went / departed
• प्रययुः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-√या (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद; धातु: √या (to go) उपसर्ग: प्र

• देशान्: to (their) lands
• देशान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• प्रणम्य: having bowed to
• प्रणम्य: Purvakala (पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-√नम् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund): 'having bowed'; धातु: √नम्, उपसर्ग: प्र

• मुनिपुङ्गवम्: the best of sages
• मुनिपुङ्गवम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुनि-पुङ्गव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (मुनीनां पुङ्गवः)

Context

Having been honoured by the king (Dasaratha) in a be fitting manner, the highly pleased lords of the earth (kings) made obeisance to the best of sages (Vasishta) and returned to their own countries.

Characters & Entities

• Daśaratha
• Vasiṣṭha

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma of rulership includes proper honor to guests and reverence to sages: political power is shown as subordinate to spiritual authority and etiquette.

What is the narrative situation?

After being received and honored, visiting kings take leave and return home, paying respects to Vasiṣṭha.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Daśaratha’s propriety in honoring others, and the kings’ humility in bowing to a sage.