Shloka 19

सप्तदशः सर्गः — देवसंवादः तथा वानर-ऋक्ष-उत्पत्तिः

Divine Council and the Generation of Vanara Allies

Devanagari script

गोलाङ्गूलीषु चोत्पन्ना: केचित्सम्मतविक्रमा:।ऋक्षीषु च तथा जाता वानरा: किन्नरीषु च।।।।

Transliteration

golāṅgūlīṣu cotpannāḥ kecit sammatavikramāḥ |

ṛkṣīṣu ca tathā jātā vānarāḥ kinnarīṣu ca ||

Translation

有些以勇武著称的猴族，生于有尾母猴；亦有生于母熊者，又有生于女紧那罗者。

Word by Word

• गोलाङ्गूलीषु: among the cow-tailed (female monkeys)
• गोलाङ्गूलीषु: Adhikarana (अधिकरण; source-locative ‘among/from’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो-लाङ्गूली (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सप्तमी, बहुवचन; स्त्रीलिङ्ग; समासः (गोः लाङ्गूलम् इव) तत्पुरुष-प्राय; Locative plural

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय

• उत्पन्नाः: born, arisen
• उत्पन्नाः: Karta-anvaya (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उत् + √पद्/√पन् (धातु)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP); प्रथमा, बहुवचन; पुंलिङ्ग; Nominative plural masculine

• केचित्: some
• केचित्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: किम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा, बहुवचन; पुंलिङ्ग; अनिश्चित/indefinite pronoun

• सम्मतविक्रमाḥ: of approved/renowned valor
• सम्मतविक्रमाḥ: Karta-anvaya (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम्मत (कृदन्त; √मन् with सम्) + विक्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा, बहुवचन; पुंलिङ्ग; विशेषण; बहुव्रीहि (सम्मतः विक्रमः येषाम्); Nominative plural masculine

• ऋक्षीषु: among female bears
• ऋक्षीषु: Adhikarana (अधिकरण; source-locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋक्षी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सप्तमी, बहुवचन; स्त्रीलिङ्ग; Locative plural

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Kriya-visheshana (क्रिया-विशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; manner adverb ‘likewise’

• जाताः: born
• जाताः: Karta-anvaya (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जात (कृदन्त; √जन्)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त/क्त; प्रथमा, बहुवचन; पुंलिङ्ग; Nominative plural masculine

• वानराः: monkeys
• वानराः: Karta (कर्ता; apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वानर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा, बहुवचन; पुंलिङ्ग; Nominative plural

• किन्नरीषु: among female Kinnaras
• किन्नरीषु: Adhikarana (अधिकरण; source-locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: किन्नरी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सप्तमी, बहुवचन; स्त्रीलिङ्ग; Locative plural

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय

Context

Create strong and powerful beings capable of assuming forms at free will to extend support to Visnu who is true to his word, heroic and benevolent.

Characters & Entities

• Vānara
• Kinnarī (female Kinnaras)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is shown as a cosmic coordination: diverse beings are brought forth so that righteous action (Rāma’s mission) is supported by suitable strength and courage.

What is the narrative situation?

The text explains the varied births of the Vānara hosts who will later become key allies in the fight against adharma.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Vikrama (valor) that is socially recognized (sammata): courage is framed as honorable when aligned with a righteous cause.