Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 70, Shloka 25

भरतस्य दूतसमागमः तथा केकयराजनः अनुज्ञा

Bharata Meets the Messengers; Kekaya King Grants Leave

Devanagari script

बभूव ह्यस्य हृदये चिन्ता सुमहती तदा।त्वरया चापि दूतानां स्वप्नस्यापि च दर्शनात्।।2.70.25।।

Transliteration

babhūva hy asya hṛdaye cintā sumahatī tadā |

tvarayā cāpi dūtānāṁ svapnasyāpi ca darśanāt ||2.70.25||

Translation

于是他心中生起极大的忧惧：既因使者匆促，又因梦中所见之相。

Word by Word

• बभूव: arose/was
• बभूव: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √bhū (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• हि: indeed/for
• हि: Nipāta (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, निपात (explanatory/emphatic)

• अस्य: of him/his
• अस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (सम्बन्ध), एकवचन

• हृदये: in (his) heart
• हृदये: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hṛdaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन

• चिन्ता: anxiety
• चिन्ता: Kartā (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: cintā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (कर्ता), एकवचन

• सुमहती: very great
• सुमहती: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: su-mahatī (प्रातिपदिक; सु + महत्)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण; अव्ययीभाव-पूर्वपद (सु-)

• तदा: then
• तदा: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tadā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, कालवाचक

• त्वरया: due to haste
• त्वरया: Hetu/Karaṇa (हेतु/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvarā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (हेतु/करण), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चयबोधक

• अपि: also
• अपि: Nipāta (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, निपात (also/even)

• दूतानाम्: of the messengers
• दूतानाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dūta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (सम्बन्ध), बहुवचन

• स्वप्नस्य: of the dream
• स्वप्नस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: svapna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (सम्बन्ध), एकवचन

• अपि: also
• अपि: Nipāta (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, निपात (also)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चयबोधक

• दर्शनात्: from seeing; due to the sight
• दर्शनात्: Hetu/Apādāna (हेतु/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: darśana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (हेतु/अपादान), एकवचन

Context

Thus having taken leave of his maternal grandfather and uncle Yuddhajit, Bharata accompanied by Satrughna boarded the chariot and went along.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• dūtāḥ (messengers)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes inner vigilance: a righteous person takes signs seriously, examines conscience, and prepares to act rightly amid uncertainty.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata senses something is wrong; the urgency of the messengers and his troubling dream intensify his anxiety as he prepares to depart.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sensitivity and moral alertness—Bharata’s heart responds to warning signs rather than remaining complacent.