Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 62, Shloka 7

अयोध्याकाण्डे द्विषष्टितमः सर्गः

Kausalyā consoles Daśaratha; grief, remorse, and nightfall

Devanagari script

प्रसादये त्वां कौसल्ये रचितोऽयं मयाऽञ्जलिः।वत्सला चानृशंसा च त्वं हि नित्यं परेष्वपि।।।।

Transliteration

prasādaye tvāṃ kauśalye racito ’yaṃ mayā ’ñjaliḥ |

vatsalā cānṛśaṃsā ca tvaṃ hi nityaṃ pareṣv api ||

Translation

噢，考萨利娅，我恳求你的恩慈；我以合掌之礼向你祈请。你恒常慈爱而仁厚，从不苛厉，即便对那些与你相违的人亦然。

Word by Word

• प्रसादये: I appease / I seek to please
• प्रसादये: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्रसादय् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार, उत्तम-पुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद; Present indicative 1st sg

• त्वाम्: you
• त्वाम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Pronoun, accusative singular

• कौसल्ये: O Kausalya
• कौसल्ये: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कौसल्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सम्बोधन-विभक्ति, एकवचन, स्त्रीलिङ्ग; Vocative singular feminine

• रचितः: made
• रचितः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रच् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्यय (भूतकृदन्त/past passive participle), प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन, पुल्लिङ्ग; PPP (made/formed)

• अयम्: this
• अयम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: इदम् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन, पुल्लिङ्ग; Demonstrative pronoun used adjectivally

• मया: by me
• मया: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Instrumental singular (by me)

• अञ्जलिः: folded palms (añjali)
• अञ्जलिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अञ्जलि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन, पुल्लिङ्ग; Nominative singular masculine

• वत्सला: affectionate
• वत्सला: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वत्सल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन, स्त्रीलिङ्ग; Nominative singular feminine

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• अनृशंसा: not cruel, compassionate
• अनृशंसा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनृशंस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन, स्त्रीलिङ्ग; Nominative singular feminine (not cruel/compassionate)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Pronoun, nominative singular

• हि: indeed/for
• हि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), अवधान/हेतु-भाव; Emphatic/causal particle

• नित्यम्: always
• नित्यम्: Kala (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नित्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषण-प्रयोग (adverbial accusative), अव्ययवत्; Adverb: always

• परेषु: towards others
• परेषु: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सप्तमी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन, पुल्लिङ्ग; Locative plural masculine (towards/among others)

• अपि: even
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), अपि-भाव (even/also)

Context

O Kausalya! I entreat you with folded palms. Be merciful. Forever affectionate, you are not cruel even towards your enemies.

Characters & Entities

• Daśaratha
• Kausalyā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is aligned with kṣamā (forgiveness) and dayā (compassion): Daśaratha appeals to Kausalyā’s consistent gentleness as the ethical strength needed in crisis.

What is the narrative situation?

Daśaratha pleads with Kausalyā to soften her response to the unfolding tragedy, hoping her compassion will steady the household amid Rāma’s exile.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Kausalyā’s compassion and non-cruelty, portrayed as steadfast even toward adversaries.