Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 58, Shloka 25

अष्टपञ्चाशः सर्गः (Sarga 58)

Daśaratha Questions Sumantra; Messages from the Forest Threshold

Devanagari script

इत्येवं मां महराज ब्रुवन्नेव महायशाः।रामो राजीवताम्राक्षो भृशमश्रूण्यवर्तयत्।।।।

Transliteration

ity evaṃ māṃ mahārāja bruvann eva mahāyaśāḥ | rāmo rājīvatāmrākṣo bhṛśam aśrūṇy avartayat ||

Translation

大王啊，他如此对我说时，那位声名显赫的罗摩，双眼如红莲般润赤，泪水滂沱而下。

Word by Word

• iti: thus
• iti: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: उद्धरण-निपात (quotative particle)

• evam: in this manner
• evam: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: evam (अव्यय)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (adverb)

• mām: me
• mām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• mahārāja: O great king
• mahārāja: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahārāja (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन

• bruvan: speaking
• bruvan: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: brū (धातु)
• Form: वर्तमानकृदन्त (present participle), परस्मैपदीय, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• eva: indeed/just
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण-निपात (emphatic particle)

• mahāyaśāḥ: the renowned one
• mahāyaśāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahāyaśas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः: mahā ca yaśaḥ yasya = 'of great fame' (bahuvrīhi-sense used adjectivally)

• rāmaḥ: Rama
• rāmaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• rājīvatāmrākṣaḥ: lotus-reddish-eyed
• rājīvatāmrākṣaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: rājīva (प्रातिपदिक) + tāmra (प्रातिपदिक) + akṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहिः: rājīva-iva tāmre akṣiṇī yasya = 'whose eyes are coppery-red like lotuses'

• bhṛśam: excessively
• bhṛśam: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: bhṛśam (अव्यय)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय

• aśrūṇi: tears
• aśrūṇi: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: aśru (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• avartayat: shed/caused to flow
• avartayat: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vṛt (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect/Past), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; causative sense 'made (tears) flow'

Context

While saying this the red lotuslike eyes of illustrious Rama streamed with tears, O maharaja

Characters & Entities

• Sumantra
• Daśaratha
• Rāma

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma does not erase human feeling: Rāma upholds righteousness while openly bearing the sorrow of separation.

What is the narrative situation?

Sumantra recounts to Daśaratha how Rāma spoke and wept while giving messages for Bharata and the family.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Steadfastness joined with sensitivity—Rāma’s moral resolve alongside genuine compassion.