Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 57, Shloka 32

सप्तपञ्चाशः सर्गः

Sumantra’s Return to Ayodhya and the Palace’s Lament

Devanagari script

सा तथोक्त्वा महाराजं कौसल्या शोकलालसा।धरण्यां निपपाताऽशु बाष्पविप्लुतभाषिणी।।।।

Transliteration

sā tathoktvā mahārājaṃ kausalyā śokalālasā | dharaṇyāṃ nipapātāśu bāṣpaviplutabhāṣiṇī ||

Translation

她如此对大王说罢，憔悴于悲痛的考萨利亚，言语尽被泪水淹没，忽然倒伏在地。

Word by Word

• सा: she (Kausalya)
• सा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; demonstrative pronoun

• तथा: thus/in that way
• तथा: Prakāra (प्रकार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (manner adverb)

• उक्त्वा: having said
• उक्त्वा: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वच् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्यय (absolutive/gerund)

• महाराजम्: the great king
• महाराजम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महाराज (प्रातिपदिक: महा + राजन्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Accusative singular (addressed person)

• कौसल्या: Kausalya
• कौसल्या: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कौसल्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• शोकलालसा: eager/absorbed in grief
• शोकलालसा: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शोकलालसा (प्रातिपदिक: शोक + लालसा)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; adjective to कौसल्या

• धरण्याम्: on the ground
• धरण्याम्: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धरणी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Locative singular

• निपपात: fell down
• निपपात: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि-√पत् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• आशु: quickly/suddenly
• आशु: Prakāra (प्रकार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आशु (अव्यय)
• Form: शीघ्रार्थक-अव्यय (adverb)

• बाष्पविप्लुतभाषिणी: speaking with voice choked by tears
• बाष्पविप्लुतभाषिणी: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बाष्प-विप्लुत-भाषिणी (प्रातिपदिक: बाष्प + विप्लुत + भाषिणी)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; adjective to कौसल्या; 'whose speech is flooded/choked with tears'

Context

Absorbed in grief, Kausalya spoke to the maharaja in a voice choked with tears and then collapsed on the floor.

Characters & Entities

• Kausalya
• Dasharatha

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse underscores the compassionate realism of Itihāsa: even the righteous are not emotionless; dharma is lived amid suffering, not outside it.

What is the narrative situation?

After exhorting Dasharatha to speak to the messenger, Kausalya is overcome by grief and collapses.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Kausalya’s deep maternal love for Rama and emotional sincerity.