Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 57, Shloka 27
सप्तपञ्चाशः सर्गः
Sumantra’s Return to Ayodhya and the Palace’s Lament
Devanagari script
ततोऽन्तःपुरमाविद्धं मूर्छिते पृथिवीपतौ।उद्धृत्य बाहू चुक्रोश नृपतौ पतितेक्षितौ।।।।
Transliteration
tato ’ntaḥpuram āviddhaṃ mūrchite pṛthivīpatau | uddhṛtya bāhū cukrośa nṛpatau patite kṣitau ||
Translation
当大地之主昏厥倒下时，内宫妇人顿时惊乱；她们举臂号哭，望见国王倒卧在地。
Word by Word
ततःthen
ततः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अनुक्रमवाचक (then)
अन्तःपुरम्the inner palace apartments
अन्तःपुरम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअन्तःपुर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमास: अन्तः + पुर (अव्ययीभाव/तत्पुरुष-प्रचलित; inner apartments); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; subject of ‘āviddham (was thrown into turmoil)’
आविद्धम्was thrown into turmoil
आविद्धम्:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootआ + व्यध् (धातु)
Formक्त (PPP), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; predicative ‘was agitated/struck’
मूर्छितेwhen (he) had fainted
मूर्छिते:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootमूर्छित (मूर्छ् धातु)
Formक्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; locative absolute with ‘पृथिवीपतौ’
पृथिवीपतौwhen the king (lord of earth)
पृथिवीपतौ:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी + पति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमास: पृथिव्याः पति: (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष); पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; locative absolute ‘when the lord of earth (king) ...’
उद्धृत्यhaving lifted
उद्धृत्य:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootउद् + धृ (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्यय; having raised
बाहू(his) two arms
बाहू:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootबाहु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, द्विवचन; Accusative dual
चुक्रोशcried out
चुक्रोश:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootक्रुश् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; he cried out
नृपतौwhen the king
नृपतौ:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootनृपति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमास: नॄणां पति: (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष); पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; locative absolute with ‘क्षितौ’ and ‘पतिते’
क्षितौon the ground
क्षितौ:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootक्षिति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Locative singular ‘on the ground’
पतितेhaving fallen
पतिते:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपतित (पत् धातु)
Formक्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; qualifying ‘नृपतौ’ in locative absolute
इक्षितौwhen (he) was seen
इक्षितौ:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootईक्ष् (धातु)
Formक्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; qualifying ‘नृपतौ’ in locative absolute; ‘when the king was seen (fallen)’
Context
The moment the lord of the earth fell down on the ground unconscious, the women in the inner apartment burst into tears, raising their arms.
Characters & Entities
D
DasharathaA
Antaḥpura (inner palace)FAQs
Rāja-dharma is not private: the king’s downfall immediately shakes the whole household, showing that a ruler’s moral and emotional stability affects many lives.
Dasharatha collapses, and the women in the palace react with loud lamentation.
The queens’ devotion and concern for the king, expressed through communal mourning.