Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 54, Shloka 18

भरद्वाजाश्रमप्राप्तिः

Arrival at Bharadvāja’s Hermitage and Counsel toward Citrakūṭa

Devanagari script

नानाविधानन्नरसान् वन्यमूलफलाश्रयान्।तेभ्यो ददौ तप्ततपा वासं चैवाभ्यकल्पयत्।।।।

Transliteration

nānāvidhān annarasān vanyamūlaphalāśrayān |

tebhyo dadau taptatapā vāsaṁ caivābhyakalpayat ||

Translation

那位苦行炽盛的圣仙赐给他们种种饮食，皆取自林中根茎与果实，并为他们安排了歇息之处。

Word by Word

• nānā-vidhān: various kinds of
• nānā-vidhān: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: nānā (अव्यय) + vidha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय ('of various kinds'), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषण (of anna-rasān)

• anna-rasān: foods and drinks
• anna-rasān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: anna (प्रातिपदिक) + rasa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व ('food and drinks/juices'), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• vanya-mūla-phala-āśrayān: made from wild roots and fruits
• vanya-mūla-phala-āśrayān: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vanya (प्रातिपदिक) + mūla (प्रातिपदिक) + phala (प्रातिपदिक) + āśraya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (determinative: 'based on wild roots and fruits'), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषण (of anna-rasān)

• tebhyaḥ: to them
• tebhyaḥ: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी/चतुर्थी-बहुवचनरूप (Dative/4th plural here), बहुवचन

• dadau: gave
• dadau: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dā (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• taptatapāḥ: the severe ascetic
• taptatapāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tapta (प्रातिपदिक) + tapas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुव्रीहि ('one whose tapas is heated' = severe-penitent), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• vāsam: lodging / dwelling-place
• vāsam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vāsa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• eva: also / indeed
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण-अव्यय (emphasis)

• abhyakalpayat: arranged / prepared
• abhyakalpayat: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: abhi-√kḷp (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

Context

There the sage sat, surrounded by hermits, animals and birds after having welcomed Rama with due honour.

Characters & Entities

• Bharadvaja (sage, implied)
• Rama
• Sita
• Lakshmana

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as compassionate service: the sage’s austerity does not make him indifferent; it supports a life of giving, expressed through simple yet complete hospitality.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharadvaja feeds the exiled trio with forest-based fare and provides them lodging.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Bharadvaja’s generosity and care—practical kindness rooted in spiritual discipline.