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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 52, Shloka 19

गङ्गातरणम्, सुमन्त्र-प्रतिनिवर्तनम्, जटाधारणम्

Crossing the Gaṅgā; Sumantra’s Return; Adoption of Ascetic Signs

वयं खलु हता राम ये त्वयाप्युपवञ्चिताः।कैकेय्या वशमेष्यामः पापाया दुःखभागिनः।।2.52.19।।

vayaṃ khalu hatā rāma ye tvayāpy upavañcitāḥ |

kaikeyyā vaśam eṣyāmaḥ pāpāyā duḥkhabhāginaḥ ||

罗摩啊,我们确已毁灭——连你也被夺去;我们将屈从于那罪恶的凯凯伊,成为忧苦的承受者。

वयम्we
वयम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा विभक्ति, बहुवचन
खलुsurely
खलु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkhalu (अव्यय)
Formनिश्चय/खेदार्थक अव्यय (indeed/surely)
हताःruined/destroyed
हताः:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√han (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP) used adjectivally, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; predicate with वयम्
रामO Rama
राम:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootrāma (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन
येwho
ये:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; सम्बन्धवाचक (relative pronoun)
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootyuṣmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formतृतीया विभक्ति, एकवचन
अपिalso
अपि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
Formअपि-कारार्थक अव्यय (also/even)
उपवञ्चिताःdeprived/cheated
उपवञ्चिताः:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootupa-√vañc (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; predicate with ये
कैकेय्याःof Kaikeyi
कैकेय्याः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootkaikeyī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी विभक्ति, एकवचन
वशम्into (her) control
वशम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvaśa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन
एष्यामःwe shall go/come
एष्यामः:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√i (धातु)
Formलृट् (Future), उत्तमपुरुष, बहुवचन, परस्मैपद
पापायाःsinful
पापायाः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpāpā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (of कैकेय्याः)
दुःखभागिनःsharers of sorrow
दुःखभागिनः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootduḥkha-bhāgin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष समास (दुःखस्य भागी), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषण (of वयम्)

Deprived of you, O Rama! we will come under the control of that sinful Kaikeyi. We will suffer and die.

S
Sumantra
R
Rama
K
Kaikeyi

FAQs

The verse contrasts dharmic leadership with adharma: when the righteous are removed, society fears domination by selfish power, leading to collective suffering.

Sumantra expresses despair that, with Rama exiled, the remaining household will be subject to Kaikeyī’s will.

Rama’s protective righteousness is implied: his presence is seen as a moral safeguard for the kingdom and its people.