Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 45, Shloka 20
अयोध्यावासिजनानुरागः
The People and Brahmins Follow Rama toward Exile
Devanagari script
गच्छन्तमेव तं दृष्ट्वा रामं सम्भ्रान्तचेतसः।ऊचुः परमसन्तप्ता रामं वाक्यमिदं द्विजाः।।।।
Transliteration
gacchantam eva taṃ dṛṣṭvā rāmaṃ sambhrānta-cetasaḥ |
ūcuḥ parama-santaptā rāmaṃ vākyam idaṃ dvijāḥ ||
Translation
见罗摩仍自前行，婆罗门们心神惶乱、悲痛至极，便对罗摩说出如下言辞。
Word by Word
gacchantamgoing
gacchantam:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeVerb
Root√gam (गम् धातु) + śatṛ (शतृ)
Formकृदन्त (present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण of taṃ/rāmam
evaindeed, just
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, अवधारण
tamhim
tam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
dṛṣṭvāhaving seen
dṛṣṭvā:
Purvakala (पूर्वकाल)
TypeVerb
Root√dṛś (दृश् धातु) + ktvā (क्त्वा)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव; पूर्वकाल
rāmamRama
rāmam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootrāma (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तं इति विशेष्य
sambhrānta-cetasaḥwith agitated minds
sambhrānta-cetasaḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsambhrānta + cetas (प्रातिपदिक)
Formबहुव्रीहि-समास ('those whose minds are agitated'); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषण of dvijāḥ
ūcuḥsaid
ūcuḥ:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (वच् धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद
parama-santaptāḥdeeply distressed
parama-santaptāḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootparama + santapta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय-समास ('extremely' + 'distressed'); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषण of dvijāḥ
rāmamRama (addressed)
rāmam:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootrāma (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; सम्बोधनार्थे द्वितीया (addressed as object)
vākyamspeech, statement
vākyam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvākya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
idamthis
idam:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण of vākyam
dvijāḥbrahmins
dvijāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdvija (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
Context
Having seen Rama thus going towards the forest, those brahmins, highly agitated and distressed, said to him:
Characters & Entities
R
RamaB
brahmins (dvija)FAQs
It underscores responsible speech in crisis: the brahmins, though distressed, choose to address Rama directly, seeking a dharmic resolution through counsel rather than force.
Rama continues toward exile; the brahmins, upset, begin to speak to him.
The brahmins’ concern for dharma and Rama’s receptivity implied by the narrative setup.