Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 32, Shloka 17

द्वात्रिंशस्सर्गः

Gifts to Suyajna and the Brahmins; Trijata’s Petition and Rama’s Charity

Devanagari script

सूतश्चित्ररथश्चार्य सचिवस्सुचिरोषितः।तोषयैनं महार्हैश्च रत्नैर्वस्त्रैर्धनैस्तथा।।।।पशुकाभिश्च सर्वाभिर्गवां दशशतेन च।

Transliteration

sūtaś citrarathaś cārya sacivaḥ sucirōṣitaḥ |

toṣaya enaṃ mahārhaiś ca ratnair vastrair dhanais tathā ||

paśukābhiś ca sarvābhir gavāṃ daśaśatena ca ||

Translation

至于车夫奇特拉拉塔——久居我等麾下、可敬的谋臣——当以无价珍宝、衣服与财富使他欢喜，并赐各类牲畜，亦包括千头牛。

Word by Word

• सूतः: charioteer
• सूतः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• चित्ररथः: Chitraratha
• चित्ररथः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चित्ररथ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नाम (proper noun)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• आर्य: noble
• आर्य: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (noble)

• सचिवः: counsellor
• सचिवः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सचिव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• सुचिरोषितः: who has lived long (with us)
• सुचिरोषितः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुचिर + उषित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; वस्/उष् धातोः क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; समास: सुचिरम् उषितः = having stayed long

• तोषय: gratify
• तोषय: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: तुष् (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद; णिच् (Causative): toṣaya = make (him) pleased

• एनम्: him
• एनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; अनद्यतन-प्रयोग (enam = him)

• महार्हैः: with very valuable (gifts)
• महार्हैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महार्ह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (as agreeing with implied दानैः/वस्तुभिः), तृतीया, बहुवचन; समास: महत् अर्हम् = very valuable

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• रत्नैः: with jewels
• रत्नैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रत्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• वस्त्रैः: with clothes
• वस्त्रैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वस्त्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• धनैः: with wealth
• धनैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकार-अव्यय (adverb: likewise)

• पशुकाभिः: with young female calves
• पशुकाभिः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पशुका (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• सर्वाभिः: with all
• सर्वाभिः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; विशेषण (all)

• गवाम्: of cows
• गवाम्: Shashthi-Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन

• दशशतेन: with ten hundreds (a thousand)
• दशशतेन: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दश + शत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; द्विगु-समास: दश शतानि (ten hundreds = thousand)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

Context

Noble counsellor (of our father) and charioteer Chitraratha has been in our service for many years. Gratify him with invaluable jewels, clothes, wealth, with young female calves and a thousand cows.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Lakṣmaṇa
• Citraratha (charioteer)
• jewels
• garments
• wealth
• cows

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Kṛtajñatā (gratitude): dharma includes honoring long-serving aides and counselors, not only priests and sages.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma instructs Lakṣmaṇa to reward Citraratha, a trusted charioteer-counselor, with substantial gifts for his long service.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Loyalty-recognition: Rāma acknowledges faithful service and ensures it is repaid with dignity.