Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 25, Shloka 46

कौशल्याया मङ्गलविधानम्

Kausalya’s Benedictions and Protective Rites for Rama

Devanagari script

इतीव साऽश्रुप्रतिपूर्णलोचनासमाप्य च स्वस्त्ययनं यथाविधि।प्रदक्षिणं चैव चकार राघवंपुनः पुनश्चापि निपीड्य सस्वजे।।2.25.46।।

Transliteration

itīva sāśrupratipūrṇalocanā samāpya ca svastyayanaṃ yathāvidhi |

pradakṣiṇaṃ caiva cakāra rāghavaṃ punaḥ punaś cāpi nipīḍya sasvaje ||2.25.46||

Translation

说罢，她泪盈双目，依仪轨圆满完成祝祷之礼；随后绕罗伽婆右行而转，又紧紧抱住他，一次又一次地拥抱。

Word by Word

• iti: thus
• iti: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: Quotation particle (iti)

• iva: as it were
• iva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle indicating 'as if/so' (often with iti)

• sā: she
• sā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Prathamā Ekavacana

• aśru-pratipūrṇa-locanā: with tear-filled eyes
• aśru-pratipūrṇa-locanā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: aśru (प्रातिपदिक) + pratipūrṇa (कृदन्त, √pṝ) + locana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Prathamā Ekavacana; 'having eyes filled with tears'

• samāpya: having completed
• samāpya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √āp (धातु) + sam- (उपसर्ग)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा/ल्यप्): sam-āpya; 'having completed'

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction

• svastyayanam: benedictory rite
• svastyayanam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: svastyayana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napuṃsakalिङ्ग, Dvitīyā Ekavacana

• yathā-vidhi: duly/as prescribed
• yathā-vidhi: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय) + vidhi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Avyayībhāva compound used adverbially: 'according to rule'

• pradakṣiṇam: circumambulation
• pradakṣiṇam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pradakṣiṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napuṃsakalिङ्ग, Dvitīyā Ekavacana; object with cakāra (did circumambulation)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction

• eva: indeed
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Avadhāraṇa particle (emphasis)

• cakāra: did
• cakāra: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √kṛ (धातु)
• Form: Liṭ (लिट्, perfect), Prathama-puruṣa Ekavacana, Parasmaipada

• rāghavam: Rāghava (Rama)
• rāghavam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāghava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā Ekavacana

• punaḥ: again
• punaḥ: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: punaḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (again)

• punaḥ: again and again
• punaḥ: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: punaḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Repetition for intensity

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction

• api: also
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (also/even)

• nipīḍya: holding tight
• nipīḍya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √pīḍ (धातु) + ni- (उपसर्ग)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (ल्यप्): 'having pressed/held tight'

• sasvaje: embraced
• sasvaje: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √svaj (धातु)
• Form: Liṭ (लिट्, perfect), Prathama-puruṣa Ekavacana, Ātmanepada

Context

Thus with her eyes brimming with tears, she duly completed the benedictory rites and circumambulated the scion of the Raghus and embraced him again and again holding him tight.

Characters & Entities

• Kaikeyī (implied by sā)
• Rāma (Rāghava)
• svastyayana (benedictory rite)
• pradakṣiṇā (circumambulation)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is expressed through yathāvidhi—acting ‘as prescribed’: even in grief, one performs proper rites and respectful gestures, showing discipline and reverence toward what is right.

What is the narrative situation?

Immediately before Rāma’s exile, Kaikeyī completes auspicious rites and shows intense emotion by repeatedly embracing him.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Ritual and emotional sincerity together: adherence to proper conduct alongside genuine human feeling.