Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 15, Shloka 42

अभिषेकसज्जा तथा सुमन्त्रस्य प्रेषणम्

Coronation Preparations and Sumantra’s Commission

Devanagari script

ततस्समासाद्य महाधनं महत्प्रहृष्टरोमा स बभूब सारथिः। मृर्गैर्मयूरैश्च समाकुलोल्बणं गृहं वरार्हस्य शचीपतेरिव।।2.15.42।।

Transliteration

tatas samāsādya mahādhanaṃ mahat

prahṛṣṭaromā sa babhūva sārathiḥ |

mṛgair mayūraiś ca samākulolbaṇaṃ

gṛhaṃ varārhasya śacīpater iva || 2.15.42 ||

Translation

随后，他抵达那宏富广大的宅邸——鹿与孔雀往来其间，辉煌喧盛，宛如舍契之主因陀罗的宫殿——车夫欢喜得毛发竖立。

Word by Word

• ततः: thereafter
• ततः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय; तद्-तसिल्)
• Form: अव्यय (indeclinable), देश/कालवाचक (ablatival adverb): 'thereafter/from there'

• समासाद्य: having reached
• समासाद्य: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-आ-√सद् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (Gerund/Absolutive): 'सम्यक् आसाद्य/प्राप्य' (having reached)

• महा-धनम्: very opulent
• महा-धनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महा (प्रातिपदिक) + धन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); कर्मधारय: 'महच्च तत् धनम्' (very wealthy/opulent)

• महत्: great/magnificent
• महत्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• प्रहृष्ट-रोमा: thrilled (with bristling hair)
• प्रहृष्ट-रोमा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रहृष्ट (कृदन्त; प्र-√हृष् + क्त) + रोमन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); बहुव्रीहि: 'प्रहृष्टानि रोमाणि यस्य सः' (one whose hairs stood on end)

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• बभूव: became/was
• बभूव: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भू (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• सारथिः: the charioteer
• सारथिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सारथि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• मृगैः: with deer
• मृगैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मृग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन

• मयूरैः: with peacocks
• मयूरैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मयूर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• समाकुल-उल्बणम्: densely crowded/abundantly filled
• समाकुल-उल्बणम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समाकुल (प्रातिपदिक) + उल्बण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मधारय: 'समाकुलं च उल्बणं च' (densely crowded/abundantly filled)

• गृहम्: palace/house
• गृहम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गृह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• वर-अर्हस्य: of the most worthy one
• वर-अर्हस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वर (प्रातिपदिक) + अर्ह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन; कर्मधारय: 'वरः अर्हः' (most worthy/excellent)

• शची-पतेः: of Śacī's lord (Indra)
• शची-पतेः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शची (प्रातिपदिक) + पति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: 'शच्याः पतिः' (lord of Śacī = Indra)

• इव: like/as
• इव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमावाचक अव्यय (comparative particle)

Context

Having reached the palace abounding in deer and peacocks which resembled the magnificent and opulent abode of Indra, the charioteer was thrilled at the all-pervading beauty of the place befitting Rama.

Characters & Entities

• Sumantra
• Rama
• Indra (Śacīpati)
• deer (mṛga)
• peacocks (mayūra)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is associated with “arhatā” (worthiness): Rama is portrayed as deserving of royal prosperity, implying that true legitimacy and abundance should align with virtue.

What is the narrative situation?

Sumantra arrives at Rama’s grand residence and is emotionally moved by its beauty and auspicious liveliness.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rama’s worthiness and auspicious presence—so fitting that his dwelling is compared to Indra’s.